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Wikipedia Diversity PROMOTING (GENDER) DIVERSITY IN WIKIPEDIA ILONA BUCHEM, Professor for DIGITAL MEDIA & DIVERSITY GENDER AND TECHNOLOGY CENTER BEUTH UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES BERLIN, GERMANY in cooperation with WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND e.V. DIVERSITY CONFERENCE 2013 // WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND E.V. // 09-11-2013 // CC BY-SA http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Honeybee_landing_on_milkthistle02.jpg Saturday, November 9, 13

Diversity of Wikipedia

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Why Wikipedia needs diversity? Presentation from the Diversity Conference by Wikimedia Deutschland e.V., 09-11-2013 Berlin, Germany.

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Page 1: Diversity of Wikipedia

Wik i ped i aD i ve r s i t y

PROMOTING (GENDER) DIVERSITY IN WIKIPEDIA

ILONA BUCHEM, Professor for DIGITAL MEDIA & DIVERSITY GENDER AND TECHNOLOGY CENTERBEUTH UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES BERLIN, GERMANY in cooperation with WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND e.V.

DIVERSITY CONFERENCE 2013 // WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND E.V. // 09-11-2013 // CC BY-SAhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Honeybee_landing_on_milkthistle02.jpg

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WHAT IS DIVERSITY?

2WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

Diversity means:

• variety• variation• plurality• multiplicity

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DIVERSITY IN NATURE

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

BIODIVERSITY (GENETIC, SPECIES, ECOSYSTEM VARIATION) MAKES LIFE ON EARTH

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Fungi_of_Saskatchewan.JPG/768px-Fungi_of_Saskatchewan.JPG http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Forest_fruits_from_Barro_Colorado.png

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MONOCULTURES

http://www.nue.okstate.edu/Hand_Held/DCP_0803.JPGWIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

MONOCULTURES MAY BE EFFICIENT BUT DESTROY THE NATURAL BALANCE

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GLOBAL LOSS

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/campaigns/genetic-engineering/Bees-in-Crisis/

BEE DIE-OFF HAS REACHED 30-50% IN 2013 > 70 OUT OF 100 CROPS ARE POLLINATED BY BEES

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POLYCULTURES

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

http://mighkrophone.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/dsc02543.jpg

POLYCULTURES IMPROVE BEE POLLINATION WHICH IMPROVES CROP YIELDS

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WHY WIKIPEDIA MAY NEED DIVERSITY?

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REASON #1

The editor base is declining ...

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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“Post-2007, lots of people were still trying to become Wikipedia editors. What had changed, though, is that they were increasingly failing to integrate into the Wikipedia community, and failing increasingly quickly.”Sue Gardner http://strategy.wikimedia.org/wiki/March_2011_Update

POOR RETENTION

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HIGH WORKLOAD

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

“That's a problem for everyone, because it means that experienced editors are needing to shoulder an ever-increasing workload, and bureaucrat and administrator positions are growing ever-harder to fill.”

Sue Gardner, http://strategy.wikimedia.org/wiki/March_2011_Update

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REASON #2

Perspective bias in articles ...

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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CONTENT COVERAGE

http://mashable.com/2012/08/08/wikipedia-gender-graphic/

“Table 1 shows our results, which indicate that males and females arefocused on disparate content areas within Wikipedia. There is agreater concentration of females in the People and Arts areas, whilemales focus more on Geography and Science.” In: “WP: Clubhouse?”

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http://www.webpronews.com/wikipedia-editors-are-basically-all-dudes-should-that-matter-2012-04

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

WOMEN BIOGRAPHIESSYSTEMIC BIAS = KNOWLEDGE IS PORTRAYED IN A DISTORTED WAY BECAUSE SOME GROUPS MAY BE UNDERREPRESENTED

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REASON #3

The image of free & open ...

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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REPUTATION LOSS

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

Wikisexism

Ghettoizing

Exclusion

EN

PL

DE

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DIVERSITY HAS MANY DIMENSIONS

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DIVERSITY TYPES

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Socio-demographic diversity> gender, age, citizenship ...

Role/Position-related diversity> editor, admin, steward ...

Epistemic diversity> topics, arguments, references ...

Cognitive-affective diversity> intelligence, reasoning, attitudes ...

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SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICDIVERSITY IN WIKIPEDIA

18WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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age

http://www.educaging.com

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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45% are 22-39 year old

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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global

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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58% among top 10 reside in USA & EU

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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education

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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61% have a degree

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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language

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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76% editing in English

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gender

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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91% are male

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

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• Wikimedia Deutschland & Beuth University Berlin• Gender & Technology Center • One of 5 annual projects on “Enhancing knowledge

diversity in Wikipedia” run by Wikimedia Deutschland• Focus on gender diversity, later other diversity aspects

WIKIPEDIA DIVERSITY (WiDi)

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WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

OPEN INNOVATION

Inside-outOutside-in

knowledge

resources

skills

ideas

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fuzzy

well-defined

open innovation process

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OPEN INNOVATION

33WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-NC-SA

Stage ICLOSED CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

Stage IISELECTED CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

Stage IIIOPEN CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

CROWD CONTRIBUTION : IDEA CREATION : EMERGENT ACTIONS

INVITED EXPERTS : PRIORITIES : ACTION POINTS

LEARNING : ANALYSIS : HYPOTHESIS

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STAGE 1

• UNU-MERIT Survey (2009): United Nations University (UNU-MERIT)

• WMF Editor Survey (2011): Wikimedia Foundation Editor Survey

• Clubhouse study (2011): University of Minnesota (US)

• MIT/NU Survey (2013): Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Northwestern University

• Explorative interviews with German Wikipedians

• Literature review e.g. book written by German Wikipedians

• National and international press

• Gender gap mailing list

LEARNING : ANALYSIS : HYPOTHESIS

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• Student projects

• Workshops, discussions, events

• Wikimedians & Wikipedians

STAGE 1IINVITED EXPERTS : PRIORITIES : ACTION POINTS

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GENDERDIVERSITY

welcoming culture

WELCOME

diversity & knowledge quality

QUALITY

gender imbalance

AWARENESS

diversity & motivation

PARTICIPATION

respectful communication

RESPECT

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

priorities

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

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I. AWARENESS

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

gender gap awareness

• diversity guide• diversity portal• diversity scouting

hidden good practice

have no idea

under-/overestimate

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II. WELCOMING

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

little recognitionpower battles

nitpicking

problems with an attitude

• newcomers• local heros• save spaces

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III. SUPPORTIVE

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

problems with communication

• declaration• learning resources• conflict mediation• reputation

no supportinsider jargon unfriendly tone

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IV. QUALITY

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

problems with systemic bias

• research • mapping effects• existing tools

perspectivesmissing content

categorisations

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V. MOTIVATION

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

problems with participation

• reasons & drivers• building networks• editing eventsprefer other activities

have no time

enjoy social media

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PERSPECTIVES ON DIVERSITY

A. Resource perspective: Socio-demographic diversity is regarded as a valuableresource, since, compared to homogenous teams,heterogeneous teams are likely to possess greaterpotential for expert knowledge and decision-making.

B. Process perspective: Socio-demographic diversity can be a cause ofdysfunctions in groups and organisational processes. Those who see each other as similar may build in-groupsan marginalise “others” in the out-groups.

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• Knowledge about differences, inequalities and how they are constructed in societies.

• Mindset oriented towards promoting diversity.

• Conciously contributing to more equality in every-day situations.

DIVERSITY COMPETENCE

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THE SYNOPSIS IN OUR WORKING PAPER:

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fuzzy

well-defined

open innovation process

stage II selected participation

workshops with WikipediansSaturday, November 9, 13

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SHORT LIST OF ACTION POINTS

• Open seminars in web (MOOC, Massive Open Online Courses)

• Research on diversity & quality (Participatory research with Wikipedians)

• Diversity Charter (Charta of Diversity for Wikipedia)

STAGE III: OPEN CALL

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OPEN QUESTIONS

• Open call organisation - where can we organise this? do we need a diversity site?

• Open call communication - how can we moderate this process? Who can help?

• Open call participation - how can we stimulate and award diverse participation?

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VISION OF WIKIPEDIA?

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

DISTOPIAN UTOPIAN

http://christianblackburn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Dead-Bees.jpg

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WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

JOIN US!

Workshop // Saturday // 13:30 - 15:30Ilona Buchem (DE) & Netha Hussain (India)

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