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Critical Thinking - Chapter 5
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DISCOVERING OUR REALITIES
Melissa Corral
What is Reality?
Everything that exists by science, philosophy, theology, or any other system of analyses whether it is: Observable Accessible Understandable
REALITY…….
It is not what is“real,”
It’s what we thinkIs real
PERCEPTIONWhat do you see here?
PERCEPTION PROCESS
PERCEPTION PROCESS (CONT)
Consists of three stages:1. Selecting data from environment, which acts
as a filtering mechanism .2. Organizing and prioritizing the information
and data that we have become aware of.3. Interpreting the data
SELECTING & SORTING FILTERS
Psychological conditions affect how we recognize incoming data.
Physical conditions can affect what data we recognize.
Language creates an organizational system that helps us understand messages from our environment
SELECTING & SORTING FILTERS
Formal Learning shapes how we view our environment
Experiences are our first-hand informal learning activities
Expectations are perceptions that we expect to conform to what we already believe the actual event is.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE HOW WE INTERPRET DATA
Closure: Making sense of the
environment, even when only a limited amount of data is available.
Selective Perception: Narrowing available cognitions to
make an interpretation of the environment
Patterning: Attempting to keep new or
current perceptions in line with past ones.
REALITY TESTING Sharing and comparing realities with others:
Helps reduce distortions and differences among the many realities you have created.
Developing better listening skills: Empathetic Listening – empathy as the basis for
understanding the position of others. Deliberative Listening – attempt to make a definite,
deliberate attempt to hear information, analyze it, draw conclusions from it, and recall it at a later time.
STASIS
We communicate to stay on stasis (at rest), and we desire to maintain that state.
Can be referred to as a person’s personal comfort zone.
Can be a positive or negative outlook concerning the world around us