DISASTER

MANAGEMENT

• Disasters are as old as Mankind.• The first description of Disaster and its management comes from mythological “Noah” and his ark.• Similar Flood tales are widespread in- Greek Mythology,Puranas, Mesopotamian stories & many cultures

Etymology

Originated from Greek dus = bad aster = star

Calamity due to position of a planet or a star.

Then evolved in Italian as disastro, To become French désastre

(de.zastʁ).& then disaster .

Classification of disaster

ACCORDING TO WHO

NATURAL DISASTERS

MAN-MADE DISASTERS

OTHERS

ACUTE DISASTER

• EARTHQUAKES,CYCLONETSUNAMI,EPIDEMICS OF FOOD & WATER, VECTOR BORNE DISEASES

CHRONIC & SLOW DISASTER

• DROUGHT,FAMINE,DEFORESTATION,CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO TOXIC SUBSTANCES

NATURAL

DISASTER

MANMADE DISASTERS

VEHICULAR ACCIDENTS

INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

WAR

OTHER DISASTERS

USE OF TOBACCO

SALE OF HARMFUL DRUGS

UNCONTROLLED USE OF PESTICIDES

TYPES OF DISASTER

FLOODS,CYCLONES

HURRICANES,HAILSTORM

COLD BURST,HEAT &COLD WAVE

SNOW AVALANCHES.DROUGHTS

SEA EROSION,THUNDER LIGHTING

WATER AND CLIMATE RELATED DISASTERS

• GEOGRAPHICALLY RELATED DISASTERS

LAND SLIDESMUD FLOWS,EARTHQUAKE

MINE FIRESVOLCANO

ERRUPTIONS

CHEMICAL,INDUSTRIAL,NUCLEAR RELATED DISASTERS

FIRES,OIL SPILLBUILDING COLLAPSE.

BOMB BLASTS

FESTIVAL RELATED FIRES

AIR,ROAD,TRAIN

ACCIDENTS

Others..

Natural Disasters

Meteorological

Topographicalbiological

Telluric and teutonic

Man made

Disasters

Technological

Civil disastersaccidents

Warfare

Epidemiology of disasters

Causes of disaster

Poverty and inequitable development Rapid population growth Urban and mass irrigation Lack of education Unsafe homes,deforestation Malnutrition Employment Illiteracy

Effects of disaster

• Loss of human life• Physical injuries• Psychological trauma• Damage to agriculture crop area• Loss of live stock• Damage of fishing sector• Small scale and industry damages• Collapse of houses

Contd…

• Loss of irrigation and water supply system• Damage of school buildings• Property damage• Collapse of communication systems• Uprooting of trees• Environmental destruction• Loss of infrastructure (roads,buildings,bridges)

Earthquakes

Tsunami

floods

Drought

Cyclone

Landslides

Avalanches

Forest fires

Pest infestation

Disaster drill

Role of a nurse Disaster preparedness

• To facilitate preperation with community

• To provide updated record of vulnerable populations within the

community• Nurse leads a preparedness effort• Multi-roles in community

• Understanding of community resources

• Disaster nurse must be involved in community organisation

Disaster response

• Nurse must involve in community assessment,case

finding,refering,prevention,health education,surveillance

• Triage-high priority,second,last•Nurse work as a member of assessment

team•To be involved in ongoing surveillance

Disaster recovery

Successful recovery preperation

Health teachingPsychological supportReferals to hospital

Remain alert for envt. health