1. Direct QuotesSupporting your arguments with the ideas of others.

2. Directions As I give this presentation, take notes on the handout provided.

3. Why is this necessary? To reinforce your ideas Back up information in an argument with expert information According to the Surgeon General, To confirm arguments (eg. Texting while driving is dangerous.) Statistics from a reputable source make your argument stronger To demonstrate how well informed you are Look at all the research Ive done To give authority to your voice

4. The Rules It is important to move smoothly from your words to the quoted information The source and speaker of the quote should be clearly indicated, or the reader will be confused The quoted information should support your ideas, not overwhelm them Cite your sources! Indicate where you found this information 80/20 rule 80% of the paper is written in your words No more than 20% is direct quotes

5. Beyond ParenthesesTips to take your writing to the next level.

6. Why is this confusing? The men in Stephen Cranes short story, "The Open Boat," are courageous; they want to live. "The idealistic virtues of bravery, fortitude, and integrity possess no meaning in a universe that denies the importance of man" (Stein 151). The ideals of their native environment, then, mean little when confronted with the harshness of the open ocean. These men finally realize that it is possible they will die.

7. How is this more clear? The men in Stephen Cranes short story, "The Open Boat," are courageous; they want to live. As critic William Bysshe Stein points out, however, "the idealistic virtues of bravery, fortitude, and integrity possess no meaning in a universe that denies the importance of man" (151). The ideals of their native environment, then, mean little when confronted with the harshness of the open ocean. These men finally realize that it is possible they will die.

8. Mix it up! Jane Doe states, According to Jane Doe, As Jane Doe goes on to explain, Characterized by Jane Doe, the society is As one critic points out, (Doe). Jane Doe believes that Jane Doe claims that In the words of Jane Doe,

9. Quotes within quotes Example: According to Tom Smith who said, It is a great thing when children cry, I want my mommy! Single quotation marks around the internal quotation. Double about the outer. You may have three together at the end.

10. Book example In Mariane Pearls autobiographical story, A Mighty Heart, she works to understand and explain the violence that has been directed against her husband, Wall Street Journal reporter, Daniel Pearl. She writes, [Journalists] believe we can change the world by changing the way people think about one another. We can create links, frail as they may be, between people. Thus, for those who promote hatred, we are the most hateable of all (124).

11. Another book example In Slavenka Drakulics novel, S., Bosnian women are taken captive and held in a prison camp where they were repeatedly raped by Serbian soldiers. The main character, S., describes how she loses track of herself. Drakulic explains, One evening, while there is still daylight in the warehouse, she takes her things out of her backpack. She has to exist she still exists as a person, if only through her belongings (45). To her captors, S. is not an individual, shes just another war trophy, something to defile and throw away. Drakulic further reinforces this idea throughout the novel by assigning the women initials as names. The reader never learns S.s name, a reminder that while in the book she is no one, in reality she represents

12. Your turn Read Charles Blows opinion piece, The Gun Frenzy. Write a brief response to his piece in which you include a direct quote from his piece. You may use the direct quote to do the following: Support a point you are making about gun control OR Use the direct quote as a starting point for your argument in favor of gun ownership. Either way, be sure to explain how the quote supports your argument.

13. Peer review Trade papers with the person next to you Has the writer Incorporated the direct quote smoothly? Is the quote incorporated in the writers own sentence? Identified the source of the direct quote? According to Explained the significance of the quoted material? Does the quote clearly support a point the author makes because he or she has explained it? Put your name at the top of the paper only after all of the above is correct.

14. Works Cited "How Do You Type a Quote within a Quote?" Yahoo! Answers. Yahoo!, 2006. Web. 29 Nov. 2012. . Pearl, Mariane, and Sarah Crichton. A Mighty Heart: The Brave Life and Death of My Husband, Danny Pearl. New York: Scribner, 2003. Print. Drakuli, Slavenka, and Marko Ivi. S.: A Novel about the Balkans. New York: Viking, 2000. Print. "Writers Web: Effectively Incorporating Quotations." Writers Web: Effectively Incorporating Quotations. University of Richmond, 2010. Web. 29 Nov. 2012. .