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Conference presented in 2010. First findings reported for Jatropha in three soils
Citation preview
Valdés-Rodríguez, Sánchez-Sánchez,
Pérez-Vázquez, Ruíz-Bello
Seedling growth of piñon
(Jatropha curcas L.) on
different soils
XXIII REUNIÓN CIENTÍFICA - TECNOLÓGICA FORESTAL Y
AGROPECUARIA VERACRUZ 2010 Y II DEL TRÓPICO MEXICANO
Tepetates, Veracruz Nov. 17, 2010
Origins and distribution
Reference: (Heller, 1996)
Non-toxic
Toxic
Collection of native germoplasm
Reference:
Pérez-Vázquez y Zavala del Ángel, 2009
Places where J. curcas has been collected in Veracruz
Research on soil requirements
High potential
Sandy
Sandy-Loam
Low potential
Clay
Prospectives on potential production
Reference: Zamarripa and Díaz, 2008
Research
Objective
To determine the effects of different soils over
chlorophill, development and growth of native
J. curcas seedlings.
Research
Hypothesis
Ho: Jatropha curcas seedlings performance is
the same in sandy, sandy-loam, and clay-
loam textures
Ha: Jatropha curcas seedlings performance
is different in sandy, sandy-loam, and clay-
loam textures
Methodology
Site and conditions
Southeasth México
19° 16' 00" N and 96° 16' 32" W
18 m altitude
Natural conditions
Temperature: 19.8 ºC - 40.2 ºC
Humidity: 63.2%
Methodology
Biological material:
Non-toxic seeds
Location: 18º 59’52” N, 96º
15’ 31” W, 17 mosl
Physical data
Weight: 742.0 mg ± 24.3 mg
Length: 18.55 mm ± 0.68 mm
Width 10.3 mm ± 0.30 mm
Weight, Distribution: Normal
0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,20
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
No
. of o
bs
erv
atio
ns
Methodology
Experimental design Factors
Sustrata
Levels
Sandy-loam
Clay-loam
Sandy
Variables Morphology: stems, leaves, roots
Physiology: Chlorophyl
N=15
Results
Soil analysis
Table 1. Soil chemical analysis and the method used for each test
Soil type pH Organic matter
(%) Total N (%) P (ppm) Ca
(me/100g)
Mg
(me/100g)
Method Potentiometer Walkley-Black N=O.Mx0.05
Olsen-Kitson
Mellon Diehl et al. Diehl et al.
Sandy 7.81
(slightly alkaline)
Not detected (very low)
Not detected (very low)
2.8 (low) 3.859 7.717
Sandy-loam 7.26
(Neutral)
1.824 (medium)
0.0912 (low)
14.0 (medium) 8.770 14.733
Clay-loam 7.43
(slightly alkaline)
3.397 (high)
0.1698 (high)
34.0 (high) 16.487 25.958
Results
Soil effects on variables
Parameter
Substrates
Sandy Sandy-Loam Clay-Loam
Stem length (mm) 124 ± 19 c 226 ± 35 a 178 ± 23 b
Root collar diameter (mm) 9.9 ± 1.5 b 11.7 ± 1.7 a 10.8 ± 0.7 ab
Chlorophyll (SPAD) 23.4 ± 8.0 b 36.9 ± 12.0 a 29.3 ± 6.6 a
Number of true leafs 2.7 ± 1.4 b 7.3 ± 2.5 a 6.0 ± 3.3 a
Means within a column which do not share the same letter are significantly different (P < 0.05).
Results
Stem growth over time under different substrates
Results
Soil effects on variables
Maximum and minimum root collar diameters by substract
Substract
Sandy Sandy-Loam Clay-LoamD
iam
ete
r (m
m)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Smallest
biggest
Stem lengths
Substract
Sandy Sandy-LoamClay-Loam
Le
ng
th (
mm
)
0
50
100
150
200
250
Maximum and minimum heights
Substract
Sandy Sandy-LoamClay-Loam
Ste
m length
(m
m)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Smallest
Tallest
Stem width
Substract
Sandy Sandy-Loam Loam-Clay
Ste
m w
idth
(m
m)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Sandy-Loam > Clay-Loam > Sandy
Results
Soil effects on variables
Number of leaves
Sandy Sandy-LoamClay-Loam
Nu
mber
0
2
4
6
8
Chlorophyll meter reading in leaves
Substract
Sandy Sandy-Loam Clay-Loam
SP
AD
Un
its
0
10
20
30
40
50
Sandy-Loam > Clay-Loam > Sandy
Results
Dry mass
a) Stem dry mass
Sandy Sandy-LoamClay-Loam
Weig
th (
g)
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
b) Root dry mass
Sandy Sandy-LoamClay-Loam
Roo
ts w
eig
th (
g)
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,6
c) Leaf dry mass
Sandy Sandy-LoamClay-Loam
Weig
th (
g)
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
Sandy-Loam > Clay-Loam > Sandy
Conclusions
Best growth on sandy-loam textures
Similar growth on clay-loam vs sandy-loam
Stem width, number of leaves, Chlorophyll, dry
mass
Chlorophyll level is higher in Sandy-loam
and clay-loam than in Sandy soils
Lowest growth on sandy textures
Clay-loam Sandy-loam Sandy
Conclusions
Null Hypothesis not accepted
J. curcas is sensitive to soil type
The nutritional contents are key for a good
development
Clay-loam Sandy-loam Sandy
THANK YOU