1

Neuroprotective effect of Salvianolic acid B on an Aβ25-35 peptide-induced mouse Alzheimer’s disease

Presented by

MOHANLAL M. PHARM(MNP) 1st Year15PHM2007 mohanlalchoudhary1992@gmail.com

Guided by Prof. A. R. JUVEKAR( Professor in Pharmacy)Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga

Critical review on research paper

TITLE – Neuroprotective activity of salvianolic acid B on an Aβ25-35

peptide induce mouse model of Alzheimer disease.

Authors - Young Woo Lee , Dong Hyun Kim , Su Jin Jeon , Se Jin Park ,

Jong Min Kim , Jun Man Jung , Hyung Eun Lee , Shin Gil Bae , Hee

Kyong Oh , Kun Ho Ho Son , Jong Hoon Ryu

Journal name – European journal of pharmacology - 704

Impact factor of journal – 2.532

Year – Feb. 2013

Page no. – 70 - 77

Citation – 27

Publication – ELSVIER Publication abd Published by korean univercity

in Science direct database 2

Description

Alzheimer's is a type of dementia (progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder in brain) that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior.

The main potential factors that cause Alzheimer disease, are neurofibrillary tangle (hyperphosphorylated tau proteins) and senile plaques (composed of amyloid β proteins)

In Alzheimer disease activation of microglia and astrocytes, increase inflammatory cytokinine, induce nitric oxide synthase, cox-2, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and some neurotransmitter (specially Ach by inhibiting degredative enzyme) level in brain and blood.

Salvianolic acid B (SalB) is a polyphenolic compound obtain from the extract from root of Chinese herbs of Salvia miltiorrhiza (labiatae)

3

method according to the research paper

4

• Animals are purchased and put into laboratory and subject to feed food and water ad libitum and kept for 12hr. light/dark cycle at constant temperature and humidity.

• ICR Male Mice were anesthetized by the mixture of Nitrous oxide and oxygen containing 2% isoflurane.

• Aβ25-35 peptide was dissolved into sterile saline water, seal and incubated for 4 days at 37oc to induce peptide aggregation.

• The aggregated peptide is injected in brain by i.c.v. injection (9 nmol/3µl) into the right ventricle at 1μl/min but the sham group are not injected by peptides act as nagitive control.

Alzheimer disease are induced after the administration of

aggregated peptide shows the impairment in memory functions, behaviour and learning.

These mice are treated with the salvianolic acid B (0 ,1, 3, and 10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 7 days subsequvently.

After the sub-chronic treatement of salvianolic acid B, the mice shows significantly improve in memory and learning behavior on 10mg/kg/day administration.

Evalution :- neuroprotective activity evaluation in mice are done by passive avoidance test in-vivo in mice.

Western blot analysis , lipid peroxidation and immuno -histochemistry analysis in isolated hyppocampal tissue of brain.

Statistics analysis also evalute by one way analysis of variance.

•

5

Significance of Area of Research Salvianolic acid B has the activity of anti-inflammatory and

anti-oxidant. The major cause of many disease like Alzheimer, parkinson, diabetes and other stress and infflamatory disorders in the human are due to infflamation and stress, so the drugs has potential targets in the novel treatment of these disease.

Novel target for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and other related disorder by modifying the basic moiety of Salvia miltiorrhiza and also used in combination with other drug.

These study can significantly improve the inhancement of memory and learning on treatment of SalB (10mg/kg) in neurodegenrative disorders.

6

The Author’s work found to be Novel and some of common, but major work is done by following four references:

Durairajan, S.S., Yuan,Q., Xie,L., Chan,W.S., Kum,W.F., Koo,I. ,Liu,C., Song,Y., Huang, J.D., Klein,W.L.,Li,M. “Salvianolic acid B inhibits Ab fibril formation and disaggregates preformed fibrils and protects against Ab-induced cytotoxicty” Neurochem.Int. 2008; 52; 741–750.

Butterfield, D.A., Boyd-Kimball, D., “Amyloid b-peptide(1-42) contributes to the oxidative stress and neurodegeneration found in Alzheimer disease brain” Brain Pathol; 2004; 14; 426–432.

Du, G.H., Qiu, Y., Zhang, J.T., “Salvianolic acid B protects the memory functions against transient cerebral ischemia in mice” J. Asian. Nat. Prod. Res. 2; 2000; 145–152.

Wang, S.X., Hu, L.M., Gao, X.M., Guo, H., Fan, G.W. “Anti-inflammatory activity of salvianolic acid B in microglia contributes to its neuroprotective effect” Neurochem. Res. 35; 2010; 1029–1037.

7

Originality

Technically this report is correct but some minor correction are present.

1. The schedule for experiment protocol was not given properly into this paper.(Stepanichev et al 2005).

2. Number of animals in each experimental groups and number of groups are not mention clearly.

3. Both Negative and positive error bar are not mention in the bar graph.

Almost all the studies are justified. Every part of the work has been supported by proper

justification. The all the work discussed very well.

8

Technical Correctness

According to the review article of Zhang et al, 2014 the passive avoidance task is less significant to test behavioral study.

The comparition of the passive avoidance task to the radial arm water maze task, radial arm maze are more significant to test the memory and learning behaviour.

In graphs the results of 1mg/kg and 3mg/kg are not mention

9

Technical Correctness

Bibliography

The paper is published in ‘European Journal of

Pharmacology ,Neuropharmacology and analgesia for Alzheimer’s

diseases, feb-2013,vol-704.The citation are accurate and refer to

the content in the manuscript which have been produced by citated

articles.The 15 references are mentioned.The references have been

written in the priscribed format and is kept uniform as per the

guidelines of journal.

10

Illustrations and graphs

11

Fig . 2. The effect of sub-chronic SalB treatment on Aβ25-35 peptide mediated glial cells activation

12