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A presentation the Aalto University, School of Art and Design, Department of Art and Media Pori, 1/2/2011
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Creative Commons & Free Culture
Reijo Kupiainen
Free culture: ideology Download this song Richard Stallman: “Free Software, Free Society” Lawrence Lessing (2004). Free Culture.
Free: essential part of cultural ecology [Video] Free culture: free speech, free markets, free
trade, free will, free elections. “A free culture supports and protects creators and innovators” Intellectual property rights It guarantees that follow-on creators and innovators
remain as free as possible from the control of the past: sharing, remixing, mash-up’s, modifying, derivatives, crowd-sourcing, collaboration, participation, circulation, P2P
A culture is not private property, we are and make the culture Disney
Background: Free software Richard M. Stallman: Free software
From Copy Rights to Copy Left Free software / Open source / Linux General Public License, GPL (Copy Left License) Copyleft:
The freedom to use the work The freedom to study the work The freedom to copy and share the work with others the freedom to modify the work, and the freedom to
distribute modified and therefore derivative works.
Idea Digital information is not a scarce resource,
like material resources are. Scarcity is made: ideology: business models based on scarcity, ”you
can get this only for a short time” politics: trade treaties and law making law: copyright technology: DRM (Digital Rigths Management),
nonstandards, closed standards and systems Digized information can be modified, copied,
distributed ad infinitum To modify digital material is collaboration No owner but wide user group
“Two cultures”
Colin Lankshear & Michelle Knobel (2006), New Literacies: Everyday Practices & Classroom Learning
Participatory cultureThe principles:
Being open Peering Sharing Acting Globally
Participation Recognition Collaboration
Affiliations Expressions Collaborate problem
solving CirculationsTapscott & Williams 2008, Wikinomics.
Leadbeater 2008, We-think. Mass innovation, not mass procuction.
Jenkins et. al. 2006, Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for 21th Century.http://digitallearning.macfound.org/atf/cf/%7B7E45C7E0-A3E0-4B89-AC9C-E807E1B0AE4E%7D/JENKINS_WHITE_PAPER.PDF
Creativity ?
Andrew Keen, The Cult of Amateur. How Today’s Internet is Killing Our Culture, 2007
We-think
“You are what you share”: we-think
Diversity+collaboration+indebendence = CREATIVITY
From mass consumption to mass innovation
Images courtesy of www.charlesleadbeater.net
Charles Leadbeater, We-Think, 2009
Wisdom of crowds (James Surowiecki) Value of diversity
Not homogenous groups (groupthink) but diversity of people
Leadbeater: “It all depends on how the individual members combine their participation and collaboration, diversity and share of values, independence of thought and community. When the mix is right […] the outcome is a powerful shared intelligence. When the mix is wrong it leads to cacophony or conformity.”
(Source: Wikipedia)
http://creativecommons.org/
Creative commons licenses Licenses
examples: Social media: flickr.com Star Wreck:
http://www.starwreck.com/introduction.php Magnatune: http://magnatune.com/
examples Books Blanket: http://www.blanket.fi/bl/ Michael Moore: Slacker Uprising Radiohead, Nine Inch Nails Open Source Hardware MakerBot Common: FearLess Projects
TedTalks Virtues of copying in fashion Open-source economics Re-examining the remix Collaboration User-generated content