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Cléto Ndikumagenge and Phil René Oyono Presentation for the conference on Taking stock of smallholders and community forestryMontpellier FranceMarch 24-26, 2010
Citation preview
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Comparative Analysis of Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Central Africa d’Afrique Centrale By Cléto Ndikumagenge and Phil René Oyono
(Cameroun et Grands Lacs)
©intu
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Presentation Outline
• Why a comparative study of Indigenous Peoples’ rights in the Trinational de la Sangha (TNS) and the Great Lakes?
• Indigenous People confronting the challenge of biodiversity conservation
• Indigenous Peoples’ rights: Major inadequacies• Main lessons learned • Conclusions
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Why a comparative study of Indigenous Peoples’ rights (1)?
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Why a comparative study of Indigenous Peoples’ rights (1)?
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights• International and national meanings of human rights • IUCN’s Livelihoods and Landscapes Initiative• Main lessons learned
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Indigenous Peoples (1): Reduced to poverty
Indigenous Peoples face the challenge of biodiversity conservation (1): Ecoregion Profiles
The concept of landscape and its complexity
• Geographic spaces that are sites of human activity;
• Encompasses – Physical– and biological characteristics – Institutions– People – Cultural and spiritual values;
• Scope and limits – Defined in terms of management
objectives as envisioned in the lanscape approach intervention;
• Adoption of this approach in the convergence plan
GAMBA CONKOUATI
TRIDOM
TNS
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What is an Indigenous People?
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Complexity of Rights
• Traditional human rights• Rights extended to negative things• Rights to positive services • Rights extended to positive processes• Ownership rights
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Rights and Poverty Reduction
• Rights to basic services• Access rights to resources• Rights to rural economic
activities • Rights to benefits from
resources
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Rights and Landscape Sustainability
• Forest ownership rights • Resource control and
exploitation rights • Right to practice traditional
management and conservation forms
©intu
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Rights to Benfits from Resources
©intu
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Changes in Household Patterns
©intu
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Changes in Diet
©intu
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• Rights to public and political participation
• Rights to justice and peace• Rights to post-conflict
services• Rights to cultural
identityidentité culturelle
Citizenship Rights
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Lessons learned (2)
• Positive influence of organizations involved with indigenous peoples
• Link between economic and legal development • Cameroon’s paradox of abundance• Weakness of rights echo a greater
socioeconimic vulnerability• Sustainable landscapes depend on indigenous
practices
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MERCI BEAUCOUP/ MANY THANKS
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CONCLUSIONS
• Programs for sedentarization and improvement in the social status of Indigenous Peoples
• Isolationist approach has had little impact• Dispossession of ancestral rights • Inadequate recognition of rights-related
questions in strategic documents (MDGs, PRSP..)
• Need to encourage integrated and non-isolationist approaches to strengthen rights