SUBMMITTED TO: SUBMMITED BY: MR.B.S NEGI SANDEEP SINGH

ROHIT KUMAR PAWAN KUKRETI

G.B.PANT ENGINEERING COLLAGEG.B.PANT ENGINEERING COLLAGE SESSION(2010-2013)SESSION(2010-2013)

TOPIC- COMMUNICATION TOPIC- COMMUNICATION

Communication

Introduction Meaning of communication Definition of communication Communication process The two-way communication

process Communication Model Forms of communication Non-verbal

communication verbal communication Patterns of Communication Downward communication Upward communication Lateral communication

IntroductionIntroduction

The process by which meanings are

exchanged b/w people through the use of common set

of symbols.

Meaning Of Meaning Of CommunicationCommunication

Communication may be defined as the process by which information is exchanged between individuals.

The process includes the use of written messages, spoken words and gestures.

Objectives of Objectives of CommunicationCommunication

Advice SuggestionOrderEducation WarningMotivationCounseling

DefinitionDefinition Acc. to John Adair, “Communication is

essentially the ability of one person to make contact with another & to make himself / herself understood”.

Acc. to Allen, “Communication involves a systematic & continuous process of telling, listening & understanding”.

Two-way Communication ProcessTwo-way Communication Process

Message Medium Receiver

Feedback

Who... says what... in what way... to whom...

...with what efect

Commu-nicator

Communication ModelCommunication Model◦Sender : Someone with ideas, intentions, information, and a purpose for communicating

◦Encoding: Converting a message into groups of symbols that represent ideas or concepts

◦Message: An idea or experience that a sender wants to communicate

◦Medium: Means by which a message is sent◦Decoding: The message’s target◦Receiver: Converts symbols into concepts and ideas

◦Feedback: Receiver’s response to sender’s message

FORMS OF COMMUNICATIONFORMS OF COMMUNICATIONNON – VERBAL COMMUNICATION VERBAL COMMUNICATION * ORAL COMMUNICATION * WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

Nonverbal Nonverbal CommunicationCommunication

“The most important thing in communication is hearing what is not said” Peter F. Drucker”

“What you do speaks so loud that i can not hear what you say” Ralph Waldo”

Nonverbal CommunicationNonverbal Communication

Messages sent with body posture, facial expressions, and hand/eye movements

“It is as important as verbal communication”

ExamplesExamples CHARTS TABLESDIAGRAMPOSTERSSLIDESGESTURESSILENCESURROUNDINGSVisual / Audio

Body Language and ParalanguageBody Language and ParalanguageBody movement includes:

GesturesFacial expressionsPhysical movements

Paralanguage refers to:Voice qualityVolumeSpeed etc.

VERBAL COMMUNICATION VERBAL COMMUNICATION Oral

CommunicationWritten

CommunicationFace to face

comm.LecturesMeeting &

conferencesInterviewsTelephonic talksSeminarsRadio & televisionAnnouncement Speeches

EmailsFaxLettersTelegramsReportsFormsQuestionnaire

ORAL vs. WRITTEN COMM.ORAL vs. WRITTEN COMM.Immediate feedbackShorter wordsConversationalPrompt actionLess detail technical

informationLack of written

evidenceNo possibility of

reviewNot fit for long msg

Delayed feedbackLonger wordsFocus on contentDelayed actionMore detail technical

informationPermanent recordPossibility of reviewSuitable for long msg

Patterns of Organizational CommunicationsPatterns of Organizational Communications

Downward Downward CommunicationCommunication

Upward Upward CommunicationCommunication

Horizontal communication

Directions of Directions of CommunicationCommunication Downward communication

◦ Flows from higher to lower levels in an organization

◦ Includes management policies, instructions, and official memos

Upward communication◦ Flows from lower to higher levels

in an organization◦ Includes suggestion boxes, group

meetings, procedures, anonymous emails, unauthorized websites

◦ Horizontal communication

Diagonal CommunicationDiagonal Communication It is also known as

Cross-communication

Managers communicate with people in other departments outside their own chain of command.