Civilization of

IndiaChapter 11

L3: Indian Empire are Established

» Magadha takes control of northeast India.

The most stable and prosperous kingdom.

It had: Iron Mine Rich soil Abundant forest of

timber and Elephants

He was a good administrator who built roads, coordinated village government.

He was also generally a peaceful ruler.

Bimbisara(545 – 494 BC.

Map of Ganges Punjab and Pataliputra.

» The Persian Empire claims northwest India.Magadha was growing stronger.

» Alexander conquers Persia but loses India.Alexander moved his army out of India.

»Chandragupta Maurya establishes a new empire.He took over the

kingdom of Magadha.The taking advantage of

the confusion in the northwest of India and then moved into the territory of Alexander had abandoned.

Mauryan Empire

» Had a strong government.» The empire was divided depended on a

powerful army and wide-ranging network of spies to control the many local governments and officials in his huge empire.

» Asoka’s reign brings a golden age to India.

• His career began with the fierce conquest of the coastal province of Kalinga. 100, 000 people were killed in the battle. Thousands of others died from hunger and disease. 150 were taken prisoners.

Asoka has been judged one of the great rulers in world history

The teachings and ethics of Buddhism set the tone for remaining 30 years of Asoka’s reign.

Supported in Ahimsa (nonviolence).

»An Age of invasion follows the Mauryan Empire.Asoka’s death in 232 B.C.His successors were unable to hold the

huge empire together.States far from the capital broke away

from the empire.Foreigners’ and Persians’ invaders.

» Trade routes cross India.

The silk route of India and Chinese empire India was rapidly becoming a center of

east west Trade.

Tamil Culture

» Tamil culture is dominant in south.The cultures of south India develop quite

separately from those in the north even the huge Mauryan empire included the south of the Deccan.

Dravidian invaders (Aryans invaders) They are unrelated to any other

language in the world. Tamil culture was influenced

somewhat by the culture of northern India, particularly by Hinduism.

» Trade by sea flourishes in south India.The Tamils were seafarers who traded

with south-east Asia and conquered and occupied much of the island of Ceylon.

They carried cargoes of spices, jewels, perfumes, textiles, and exotic animals to trade with Roman world.

» The Gupta empire brings prosperity to northern India.The northern India was gain united

under one ruler.Under ruler Gupta, northern India

became the center became the center of brilliant and creative culture.

»Hinduism influences Gupta writers.Gupta literature showed the importance of

Hinduism in everyday Indian life.

Sanskrit Shakuntala

» Advances are made in science and mathematics.

AstronomyMathematics

(Indian Art)Decimal systemThe idea of zero

(The beginning of Alegra)

Surgery

» Invasions end the Gupta Empire.In the 5th century, invaders from central

Asia begun to raid the borders from Gupta Empire.

His empire was really a loosely organized group of feudal states, which he controlled by keeping in constant contact with their rullers.