Citizen Sensing

Jean-Paul de Vooght

Markets Soft-Laws State/Federal Laws

Top-Down

Bottom-Up

Economic Systems

Ecosystemic Services

Urban Systems

« Take Ownership »

BiodiversityBiodiversity

WaterWater

Soil ErosionSoil Erosion

TransportationTransportation

HealthHealth

EnergyEnergy

Major BanksMajor Banks

Sovereign DebtsSovereign Debts

“The technology community has

set up interactive maps to help us

identify needs and target resources.”

Tohoku Earthquakeht

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blackcloud.org

http://airqualityegg.wikispaces.com/http://aircasting.org/

● Multimodal sensor (light, temperature, noise, CO2, organic volatile compounds)

● 37 participants over a period of 35 days in the Bay Area and Greater Los Angeles

● Gamified approach to learning about pollution

Other Projects

Civic Applications

dontflush.me

http://dontflush.me/ Combined Sewage Overflows

NCB-013

Source : http://teachgreenbk.wordpress.com

Taking Ownership in 3 Dimensions

Participative data gathering

Handling of high environmental signal variety

Understanding through systemic thinking

Urban Sensing : out of the woods

Sensors● Located at the edge of the « smart » city

architecture● Combine soft sensing (using our 5 senses) with

hard sensing (IoT/UbiComp)

● Complementarity of DIY (discovery) and traditional manufacturing (replication)

● Standards for identifiers, formats, semantics and protocols supporting participatory approaches

● Additional considerations :● Data ownership and terms of use (open data)● Sensor selection and calibration (trust)● Privacy and anonymity

DIY Counter by Tomorrow Lab

Crowdsourcing

Execution● Learn from : citizen science

● Action, conservation, investigation, virtual, education (Crowston, Wiggins)

● Protocol design and quality control (task granularity)● Motivation factors : collective, norm-oriented,

identification, intrinsic, reward (Nov et al.)

● Crowdmapping and disaster-relief● What relief teams want vs what volunteers report● Data provenance and veracity● Conciling TOS of popular services with agency

regulations● Task coordination under heavy constraints

● Micro-tasking platforms (Amazon Mechanical Turk, Kaggle, etc.) turn to mechanism design to optimize participation, incentives and results

● Symmetric governance structures with progression potential for participants

Complexity in the anthropocene

Thinking In Systems● Put observations into context● Use conceptual models and create

simulations● Recognize interconnections● Identify feedback and delays● Understand dynamic behavior● Differentiate flows and stocks

● Open and Transdisciplinary approach with multiple roles :● Observers and collectors● Instrument makers● Data scientists● Domain and policy experts

● Leverage modeling environments and visualization kits available (R, NetLogo, Insight Maker, d3, Tangle, OpenStreetMap, etc.)

● Test alternative policies around a shared model of understanding

SimplifiedPeak OilExample

Source : de Castro Carranza http://insightmaker.com/insight/2993

R e p e a t a b l e A c c r o s s a V a r i e t y o f E c o s y s t e m s

Citizens Sensing

Hard Sensing Soft Sensing

Shared Understanding

Report Events and Context

311-type events, ideas, best practices addressing

elements in the shared model of understanding.

Instrumentation of Model Variables Over Time

CO, CO2, O

2, CH

4, H

2, NH

3,

C4H

10, CH

3CH

2OH, C

6H

5H

3,

H2S, NO

2, O

3, VOC, Air

Temperature, Humidity, Pressure, PIR, Noise, Magnetic Field, Soil

Temperature, open data, etc..

Rent-a-Sensorand DIY

SmartphoneFeature Phone

Modeling, Simulation and Discussion

Multi-Scale VisualizationFilter Change ?

Organizations Of Interest

PLOTSOpenSourceCities

AnalyticsStandby Task Force

“Design a way to monitor the natural and industrial systems around you and make them knowable to you and your

colleagues.Don’t try to do it alone.

We are all designers now.”

John ThackaraIn The Bubble

Jean-Paul de Vooghthttp://citizensensing.posterous.com/

References● HOME, Arthus-Bertrand, https://www.youtube.com/movie?feature=plcp&v=jqxENMKaeCU● Urban sensing : out of the woods, Cuff et al., http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1325562● Workshop at the 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing,

http://www.urban-atmospheres.net/Ubicomp2008/● Technology-Mediated Citizen Science Participation: A Motivational Model, Nov et al.,

http://www.citeulike.org/user/jhincapie/article/9405389● Common Sense, http://www.communitysensing.org/● Citizen Science : Enabling Participatory Urbanism, Paulos et al.,

http://www.igi-global.com/chapter/citizen-science-enabling-participatory-urbanism/21817● People-Centric Urban Sensing, Campbell et al., http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1234179● Eye On Earth Summit 2011, Working Group White Papers,

http://www.eyeonearthsummit.org/working-groups/working-group-3● Agent-Based Participatory Simulations: Merging Multi-Agent Systems and Role-Playing Games, Guyot and Honiden,

http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/9/4/8.html● Crowdsourcing, citizen sensing and sensor web technologies for public and environmental health surveillance and

crisis management: trends, OGC standards and application examples, Kamel Boulos et al., http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/content/10/1/67

● The future of citizen science: emerging technologies and shifting paradigms, Newman et al., http://www.monitoringmatters.org/articles/Newman.pdf

● Crowdsourcing Crisis Information in Disaster-Affected Haiti, Heinzelman et al., http://www.usip.org/publications/crowdsourcing-crisis-information-in-disaster-affected-haiti

● Ownership in the City, Virtueel Platform, http://virtueelplatform.nl/english/news/ownership-in-the-hybrid-city/● Participatory System Dynamics Modeling for Sustainable Environmental Management: Observations from Four

Cases, Stave et al., http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/2/9/2762● Citizen Sensor Data Mining, Social Media Analytics and Development Centric Web Applications, Sheth et al.,

http://videolectures.net/www2011_sheth_velmurugan_csd/