Chapters 9 & 10 Review

1. Force that causes protons and neutrons to be attracted to one another.

2. Force that normally causes protons to repel from each other.

3. Short; Long4. When the strong force is not

large enough to hold a nucleus together, the nucleus can decay and give off matter and energy.

5. Nucleus with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons…it’s due to radioactivity.

6. The amount of time it takes for half of the nucleus in an isotope to decay.

7. Alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays

8. The process of changing on element into another through nuclear decay.

9. Made up of 2 protons and 2 neutrons

10. An electron that is given off from a nucleus during radioactive decay.

11. Form of radiation called electromagnetic waves.

12. Alpha; Gamma

13. Used to detect alpha or beta particles.

14. holds superheated liquid, which doesn’t boil unless the particles moving through it…the liquid will boil.

15. Device that measures radioactivity by producing an electric current when radiation is present.

16. The process of splitting 1 large nucleus into 2 smaller nuclei.

17. An ongoing series of fission reactions.

18. The amount of fissionable material required so that each fission reaction produces 1 more fission reaction.

19. The process of combining 2 smaller nuclei into 1 large nucleus.

20. Sun and stars; it’s found only in extreme high temperatures

21. Resources that can not be replaced by natural processes as quickly as they are used up.

Fossil fuels

22. Fuels formed from decaying remains of ancient plants and animals.

23. Coal- solid

Petroleum- liquid

Natural gas- gas

24. Contains more impurities so there are more pollutants released when burned…most abundant fossil fuel.

25. Highly flammable liquid form of fossil fuel.

26. Gas form of fossil fuel…it contains more energy than petroleum or coal.

27. Energy source that is replaced as quickly as it is used. Solar, hydroelectric, Wind, Geothermal

and Biomass.

28. When energy is released when the nucleus of an atom breaks apart (nuclear fission).

29. Uses the energy from controlled nuclear reactions to generate electricity.

30.-Low amounts of carbon dioxide...little effect on global warming

-Generates large amount of electrical energy

31. Uranium, Water from reactor must be cooled before it’s released into streams and nuclear waste.

-Nuclear waste- radioactive by-product that results when radioactive materials are used.

32. Energy from the sun33. converts solar energy into

electricity.

34. Electricity made from energy of moving water.

35. Energy from the wind.

36. Thermal energy that is contained in hot magma.

37. Fuels from organic matter (wood, sugar cane fibers, rice and animal manure).