Chapter4 smart drinking water AUST 2015

Sustainable and Smart City : AUST Summer Course

Chapter 4 : Smart drinking water

Professor Isam SHAHROUR Isam.shahrour@univ-‐lille1.fr

•  Water key figures •  Drinking water system •  Smart water system •  Smart water pilot

4 Parts

In the world

Cost of the water supply: 184 billion € Cost of leakage = 9.6 billion €

France

Drinking Water network •  906 000 km (value: ~ 80 billion €) •  Annual investment = 1.5 billion € Sewage network : •  394 000 km (~ 70 billion €) •  Annual investment =: 0.8 to 1.3 billion € �

•  Average life span of a pipeline: ~ 70 years •  Average age of pipes: ~ 40 years (more

than 100 years for some pipes) •  Average renewal rate = 0.6%

France

Lebanon

Lebanon : Water demand

Lebanon : Water losses

Lebanon has potenKally sufficient water resources to meet domesOc demand. Transforming resources into quality drinking water suffered from lack of investments in the infrastructures.

Water Service in Lebanon

1)  Water resources are overexploited due to excessive pumping. There are an esOmated 40,000 private wells, compared with 3,000 in 1970 which is factor in contaminaOon of the groundwater by seawater. Most of these wells are Illegal

Factors contribuKng to the poor water quality:

2) inadequate provision of sanitaOon services has led to polluted streams, rivers and aquifers. Up to 70% of natural sources are affected by bacterial contaminaOon.

MulKple factors contribute to poor water quality:

3) Absence of water metering Without a metering system, supply and demand is de-‐linked at the household level: the amount of water provided to each household is unrelated to the amount of water a household would consume and pay for.


4 Parts

Water system organisaKon and operaKon

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Drinking water system components

DistribuKon tanks

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Water pipes

•  Ductile iron •  Plastic (HDPE/PVC) •  Concrete •  Steel

Drinking water system components

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Valves

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Fire Hydrants

water counter

Challenges : 1)  Water quality : contaminaKon (biological,

chemical) could occur at : •  The Source (strict control) •  TransportaOon from the treatment staOon

to the tank (strict control) •  TransportaOon from the tank to consumers

(Control at large Ome interval)

Challenges : 2) Water leakage : •  In the pipes (provider responsibility) (in ciOes it

could take long Ome,…) •  In buildings (the owner responsibility)

Tap drip 43,8 m3/year 175 € (France)

Toilet flush 220 m3/year 880 € (France)

Small water leakage in buildings

Challenges : 3) Energy consumpKon:

•  Water treatment •  Water transport (pumps) •  Pressure …(affects also the network

deterioraOon and the leakage).

Challenges : 4) Balance between demand and producKon It requires a good knowledge of the consumers behavior.

Challenges : 5) Investment : •  Priority for the network maintenance,

rehabilitaOon, modernizaOon and extension. •  Huge investment

Movies A1 How It's Made Drinking Water A2 Water DistribuOon system A3 Illinois Drinking Water A4 Challenges to modernize the public water distribuOon system


4 Parts

Smart Technology Smart governance

ObjecKve of the smart water system Improve the management of the water system •  Assets management •  Leakage detecOon •  Early contaminaOon detecOon •  User awareness •  Energy saving •  OpOmizaOon of the investment (priority

according to the operaOon sate of the network…)

CommunicaKon : •  OpKcal (wired) •  Contactless

SunRise -‐ Plateform InformaKon System

• Asset data (SIG) • Monitoring data

3D graphic tools AnalyKcal tools

CommunicaKon web Servor

•  Users •  Technical team

Governance team •  Public data

Monitoring: •  Leakage •  Quality

Leakage Quality Sensors •  Flow •  Pressure

Sensors •  Chlorine, •  ConducKvity, •  pH, •  Turbidity •  temperature, •  +

OrganizaKon

Asset informaKon : Pipes :

•  geo-‐localizaOon, •  diameter, material, roughness, •  surrounding soils, •  accident, maintenance,…

InformaKon system Geographic informaOon system (GIS)

Asset informaKon : Valves : type, geo-‐localizaOon, sate, accident, maintenance,… Counters : type, geo-‐localizaOon, accident, maintenance,… Hydrants : type, geo-‐localizaOon, maintenance,


OperaKonal data : ConsumpOon : Water counter, Velocity : water flow meter Pressure :


Smart meters

Water quality parameters

Physical •  Temperature •  Flow •  ConducKvity •  Pressure

Chemical •  Free Chlorine •  Mono-‐chloramine •  Dissolved Oxygen •  pH •  ORP •  ISE (e.g. Ammonium, Fluoride, Nitrate)

OpKcal •  Turbidity •  Color

OperaKonal data : Water quality devices

Chlorine analyzer

OperaKonal data : Water quality

Intellesonde

12 Parameters Monitored Physical •  Temperature •  Flow •  Pressure

Chemical •  Free Chlorine •  Mono-‐chloramine •  Dissolved Oxygen •  ConducKvity •  pH •  ORP •  ISE (e.g. Ammonium,

Fluoride, Nitrate)

OpKcal •  Turbidity •  Colour

Optiqua EventLab: measures refracOve index changes in the water It allows monitoring of the water quality for any change in (chemical)

Quality instrumentaKon

S::Scan AOC, BOD, BTX, COD, color, DOC, FTU/NTU, H2S, NO2-‐N, NO3-‐N, O3, TOC, TSS, UV254,

Water Counter

Quality control

Data collecKon

« Walk-by » « Drive-by »

TelecommunicaKon network


4 Parts

SunRise project

SunRise “Large Scale Demonstrator of the Smart and Sustainable City”

Small town: •  110 Hectares •  250 000 users •  140 Buildings (320 000 m2 )

ScienOfic Campus (Lille1 University)

C1 – Chimie (1966) Polytech’Lille (2000)

IUT (2006)

100 km of Urban Networks

•  Drinking Water •  Sewage •  District HeaKng •  Gas •  Electrical ( HV, LV) •  Public light •  Roads

InnovaKon centers and Clusters •  Pole Ubiquitaire •  CITC –EURARFID •  PRN

Local government •  AMGVF •  Lille Metroplis •  Region •  ArtoisComm

InternaKonal: •  W-‐Smart (Int. Ass. for

water Security) •  New York University •  Netherland •  Great Britain •  Spain

Private and public operators •  Dalkia •  Eaux du Nord (Suez) •  Eau de Paris •  ERDF •  Lille Métropole Habitat

Research Laboratories: •  Engineering •  InformaKon technology •  Social Science

EducaKon : •  Master programs •  PhD programs

Starts-‐ups : Stereograph, Nooliic, Inodesign, Calmwater, Planete oui, Ixsane, Projex,

Public and private partners:

SunRise Community : Faculty members, PhD, Master Degree Students,

engineers, April 2014

SunRise Smart Water

TWUL Demo site London

Smart Caceres Burgos

VIP Leeuwarden

Sunrise Demo site Lille

ü  Project Budget: 12M€ ü  EU funding: FP7 INNO DEMO ü  Project duraKon: 4 year ü  Project Management: Vitens N.V.

ü  12 innovaKve SMEs ü  3 water uKliKes ü  3 research insKtutes ü  1 company ü  2 plalorm organizaKons

European Project SmartWater4Europe

Water network •  15 km pipes •  49 fire hydrants •  250 valves •  90 meters •  5 pressure sensors

90 AMR

InstrumentaKons

VHF 169 MHz

Portail de resKtuKon des données

GPRS

Data collecKon and transmission

Data in teaching building (P4), May 2014

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Lundi Mardi Mercredi Jeudi Vendredi Samedi Dimanche

Consom

maK

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ConsommaOon du bâOment P2 (Mai 2014) Weekend 1ère semaine 2ème semaine

3ème semaine 4ème semaine

Water balance verification

Supply ConsumpKon

Consommation d’eau - Jours de travail (m3/j)

Water ConsumpKon (Working Day)

Consommation d’eau - Weekend (m3/j)

Basse consommation

Forte consommation

Water ConsumpKon (Week-‐end)

InstrumentaKons 5 capteurs de pression

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4/1/2015 12:00:00 AM

4/7/2015 12:00:00 AM

4/13/2015 12:00:00 AM

4/19/2015 12:00:00 AM

4/25/2015 12:00:00 AM

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Pres

sion

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s) C1

Numerical modelling using EPANET

Water velocity March, 12, 2014 at 8:00 am

Vitesse (m/s)

Online real-‐Time water quality survey

Intellisonde S::can OpKqua

Sensors used in the program

Phase 1 : EvaluaOon of the sensors in Lab-‐Large scale pilot

Lab pilot

ð  Total length = 61 m

ð  16 mm opaque double layer pipes

ð  Diameter = 16mm.

InjecOon

Measuring point

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Example : Mercury dichloride injecKon (HgCl2)

7 injecOon events (EventLab –OpOqua)

Monitoring Water Quality sensors

Movies: B1 The Value of Smart Water Networks B2 Water is becoming smart thanks to remote metering B3 The Customer Benefits of Smart Water Networks B4 Arad Group -‐ Smart Water Metering SoluOons

Water System organisaKon

(1)

(1) (2) (3)

(4)

(1)  : Water Source (2)  Drinking water

treatment (3) DistribuOon Tank (4)  Drinking water

network


(5) (6)

(7) (9) (9)

(9)



network (5) SaOaOon network (6) SanitaOon treatment (7) Rain network (8) Rain treatment (9) Treated water reuse


(1)

(1) (2) (3)

(4)

(5) (6)

(7) (9) (9)

(9)



network (5) SaOaOon network (6) SanitaOon treatment (7) Rain network (8) Rain treatment (9) Treated water reuse

Education

Chapter4 smart drinking water AUST 2015