Chapter 3: States of Matter

4 States of Matter

Matter: is anything that has mass and volume

4 States of Matter: solid, liquid, gas, plasma

Solids Definite Shape and definite volume; particles

vibrate in place 2 types: crystalline and amorphous

1. Crystalline: particles are lined up neatly in repeating patterns of rows.

2. Amorphous: particles do not line up in repeated rows

Examples of Solids: Crystalline: Amorphous:

Liquids

Definite volume Indefinite shape (takes shape of container) Particles are not arranged in repeating

patterns; particles slide past each other

Gas

Indefinite volume and indefinite shape Particle move rapidly to get away from each

other

Plasma

Plasma

a. Hot, ionized gas particles.

b. Electrically charged.

c. Most common state in universe.

In summary,

Phase Properties

Phase

Particle Properties

Proximity Energy Motion Volume Shape

Solid

Liquid

Gas

close little vibrational definite definite

close moderate rotational definite indefinite

far apart a lot translational indefinite indefinite

Phase Change Graph

Start from: Change to: Name

solid liquid melting

liquid solid freezing

liquid gas boiling

gas liquid condensation

solidgas

(skipping liquid phase)sublimation