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Chapter 2

Learning Skills for Enjoying Physical Activity

+Vocabulary

Agility

Balance

Coordination

Motor Skills

Motor Units

Performance Skills

Power

Practice

Reaction Time

Skill

Skill-Related Fitness

Speed

Sport skills

+Skill

Ability to do a specific Task

+What are skills?

Sport Skills: Skills needed to perform vigorous activities such as sports.

Motor Skills: Skills that are needed to move but not necessarily for vigorous activities such as sports.

Motor Units: when nerves and muscles work together as they are signaled by the brain.

Performance Skills: Skills used in activities other than sports.

+Practice

We learn skills with PRACTICE and are able to function effectively.

The younger you are, the easier you may learn skills.

Basic skills and sport skills are learned in elementary and middle school.

+Parts of Skill-Related Physical Fitness

AGILITY

The ability to change body positions quickly and keep your body under control when it is moving.

Rope Games, Dancing, Wrestling, and defending in football and basketball.

+Parts of Skill-Related Physical Fitness

BALANCE

The ability to keep your body in a steady position while standing or moving.

Balance helps you to ride a surfboard, ride a bike, and do activities such as the balance beam in gymnastics.

+Parts of Skill-Related Physical Fitness COORDINATION

The ability of body parts to work together when you perform an activity. Hitting a ball requires the use of your eyes together with your hands and arms.

Jumping hurdles, kickboxing, and aerobic dance require your eyes, feet, and legs. Kicking and performing dance steps require coordination.

+Parts of Skill-Related Physical Fitness

POWER

The ability to combine strength with speed while moving. A shot putter combines strength with speed to perform with power.

A softball player who swings the bat quickly and with a lot of force demonstrates power.

+Parts of Skill-Related Physical Fitness

REACTION TIME

The ability to move quickly when you get a signal to start moving.

A swimmer or runner starting a race needs good reaction time.

+Parts of Skill-Related Physical Fitness

SPEED

The ability to get from one place to another in the shortest possible time.

You can have speed of your whole body, such as when you move your hands very quickly to steal a ball from another person in a basketball game.

+Moving Together: Full Participation

WHEN YOU ARE A LEADER OF A GROUP Use basic leadership skills

Strong Voice Eye Contact Enthusiasm

Ask questions of the group Ask group members to help demonstrate

skills Have all group members practice the

skills together Give positive feedback to those who try Tell group members that it is OK to make

a mistake

+Moving Together: Full Participation

WHEN YOU ARE PARTICIPATING IN A GROUP Help the leader by

participating. Avoid talking when the

leader is talking. Give your best effort in all

activities.

+Vocabulary

Feedback

First-Class Levers

Lever

Mental Practice

Paralysis by analysis

Practice

Routine

Second-Class levers

Third-Class levers

+What is practice?

Repeating an action over and over to improve skill.

+What is feedback?

Information that the instructor “feeds” or gives “back” to you after you perform a movement so you have a better idea of what you did.

Helps you to make appropriate changes so that you improve your performance.

+Biomechanical Principles: Levers

LEVER: Basic machine. A bar or stiff straight object that can be used to lift weight, increase force, or create speed.

+Biomechanical Principles: Levers

FIRST-CLASS LEVERS: Allow you to lift a heavy weight with a small amount of force. Ex: Whole body weight with the small leg muscles.

+Biomechanical Principles: Levers SECOND-CLASS LEVERS: Not common. Person doing a push-up.

Force required for the arms to lift the body is about half the total body weight.

+Biomechanical Principles: Levers THIRD-CLASS LEVERS: Most common. Pivot point at

the end. Muscles apply force to the lever near the pivot.

+Principle in Practice

Practice helps you use your body levers properly

Practice helps you improve speed

Practice helps you improve accuracy

+Paralysis by Analysis

Too much information given at one time

+Mental Practice

Imagining performing a skill properly.

+How often should you practice? Works best when you enjoy it and can focus on it.

Too long practices can get you tired or bored.

Find ways to make practice fun or use enjoyable practice drills.

Regular practices are necessary: Longer for athletes. Daily practice is best.

If you don’t practice, your body “forgets” the best way to perform skills.