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Cells and their Organelles

Cells and their organelles

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Page 1: Cells and their organelles

Cells and their Organelles

Page 2: Cells and their organelles

Two Types of Cell

Prokaryote Eukaryote

• No membrane bound organelles

• Flagellum

• Gel-capsule on outside

•bacteria

• Has membrane bound organelles

• DNA is contained in nucleus

• All plant and animal cells

Page 3: Cells and their organelles

Two types of Eukaryotic Cell

Animal Plant

Cytoplasm

Cytoskeleton

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Bodies

1. Large Central Vacuole

2. Chloroplasts

3. Cell Wall

Page 4: Cells and their organelles

Animal Cell Diagrams

Page 5: Cells and their organelles

Plant Cell Diagrams

Page 6: Cells and their organelles

Cell Membrane

Outer covering of the cell

Page 7: Cells and their organelles

Cell Wall

Rigid outer covering of a plant cell that protects the cell and gives it shape

Page 8: Cells and their organelles

Cytoplasm

Gel-like substance that the organelles float around in

Contains the cytoskeleton which gives structure to the cell

Page 9: Cells and their organelles

Nucleus• Command and control center of the cell

• Contains the DNA

• Surrounded by the Nuclear membrane

Page 10: Cells and their organelles

Nucleolus

Is inside the nucleusRibosome's are made here

Page 11: Cells and their organelles

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cellMakes ATP which gives the cell energy

Page 12: Cells and their organelles

Chloroplasts

Contain chlorophyll the green pigment that makes photosynthesis possible

Makes glucose = sugar = plant food

Page 13: Cells and their organelles

Ribosome

Makes RNA chains which then make proteins

Can be free floating or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

They look like dots in the cell

Page 14: Cells and their organelles

Endoplasmic Reticulum

AKA the ERCan be smooth or rough

Rough has ribosomes attached to itMakes and transports proteins

Page 15: Cells and their organelles

Golgi Bodies or Apparatus

Sort and package proteins and other substances to deliver to the rest of the cell or outside the cell

The “packages” that move the materials are called vesicles

Page 16: Cells and their organelles

Vacuole

Hold food and water for the cellPlant cells have a large central vacuole Animal cells have small vacuoles

Page 17: Cells and their organelles

Cell Misconceptions

The larger the organism doesn’t = larger cells

All the cells in your body have the EXACT same organelles, they just look different!

Page 18: Cells and their organelles

Different cells in the body