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Cells and their Organelles
Two Types of Cell
Prokaryote Eukaryote
• No membrane bound organelles
• Flagellum
• Gel-capsule on outside
•bacteria
• Has membrane bound organelles
• DNA is contained in nucleus
• All plant and animal cells
Two types of Eukaryotic Cell
Animal Plant
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
1. Large Central Vacuole
2. Chloroplasts
3. Cell Wall
Animal Cell Diagrams
Plant Cell Diagrams
Cell Membrane
Outer covering of the cell
Cell Wall
Rigid outer covering of a plant cell that protects the cell and gives it shape
Cytoplasm
Gel-like substance that the organelles float around in
Contains the cytoskeleton which gives structure to the cell
Nucleus• Command and control center of the cell
• Contains the DNA
• Surrounded by the Nuclear membrane
Nucleolus
Is inside the nucleusRibosome's are made here
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cellMakes ATP which gives the cell energy
Chloroplasts
Contain chlorophyll the green pigment that makes photosynthesis possible
Makes glucose = sugar = plant food
Ribosome
Makes RNA chains which then make proteins
Can be free floating or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
They look like dots in the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum
AKA the ERCan be smooth or rough
Rough has ribosomes attached to itMakes and transports proteins
Golgi Bodies or Apparatus
Sort and package proteins and other substances to deliver to the rest of the cell or outside the cell
The “packages” that move the materials are called vesicles
Vacuole
Hold food and water for the cellPlant cells have a large central vacuole Animal cells have small vacuoles
Cell Misconceptions
The larger the organism doesn’t = larger cells
All the cells in your body have the EXACT same organelles, they just look different!
Different cells in the body