Carbon Nanotube Computer

Carbon Nanotube Computer

Sparsa [email protected]

November 11, 2013

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Outline1 What is Carbon Nanotubes?

Types of Carbon NanotubesCarbon Nanotubes: Alternative to silicon based VLSI?

2 End of VLSI era?3 Carbon Nanotubes comes to resque!

New Implementation of computer technologyArchitecture

4 Architecture at WorkParts of One instruction

5 Future6 ReferencesReferences7 Thank You!


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What is Carbon Nanotubes?


Carbon Nanotubes?Carbon Nanotubes are hollow, cylindrical nanostructurescomposed of single sheet of carbon atoms.

Carbon Nanotubes(CNT) have exceptional electrical, physicaland thermal properties.

Carbon Nanotubes are stronger than steel and 200 times lighterthan steel.

Carbon Nanotubes are 10,000 times thinner than human hair.

Within this Single Walled Nanotube is our special interest inbuilding Carbon Nanotube Computers.


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Types of Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon Nanotubes can be categorized by their structures:

1 Single Wall Nano Tubes (SWNT): The structure of a SWNTcan be visualized as a layer of graphite, a single atom thick,called graphene, which is rolled into a seamless cylinder.

2 Multi Wall Nano Tubes (MWNT): Multi-wall nanotubes canappear either in the form of a coaxial assembly of SWNT similarto a coaxial cable, or as a single sheet of graphite rolled into theshape of a scroll.

3 Double Wall Nano Tubes (DWNT): Double-wall nanotubes(DWNT) are an important sub-segment of MWNT with twowalls of carbon atoms.


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Carbon Nanotubes: Alternative to Sili-con based VLSI?

Metal or Semiconductor?

1 Carbon Nanotubes can exibit both metal and semiconducorproperties.

2 The diameter and Helicity of a defect free Single WalledNanotubes represent the property of the nanotube, which canalso be uniquly identified by the vector,

Ch = na1 + ma2 ≡ (n, m)

3 Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors are promisingcandidate as an alternative of Si CMOS due to it’s excellentperfomance.


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End of VLSI era?

End of VLSI Technology

End of VLSI Technology

1 Huge amount of energy leakage

2 22nm technology is achieved

3 Quantum Effects comes into action below this limit

4 cant make transistors smaller than this

5 Processor speed is limited upto 4GHz per core


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Carbon Nanotubes comes to resque!

New Implementation of computer tech-nology

Carbon Nanotube Computer

1 A group of scientists of Stanford University have created world’sfirst carbon nanotube processor.

2 The processor is basically free from energy leakage.

3 Highly energy efficient.

4 Can create 10-15 GHz processor in a single core.

5 Can be implemented in present computer architecures like MIPS.

“The Carbon Nanotube computer runs an operatingsystem that is capable of multitasking”


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How the architecture works? I

How the architecture works:The basic implementation of this computer is onone instruction set computer. The only instruc-tion used in this computer is SUBNEG (SUbstractBranch if NEGetive) which is turing complete in-struction in nature.


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How the architecture works? II

Flow Chart of SUBNEG


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Basic Architecture of Carbon NanotubeComputer

Architecture:


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Architecture at Work

Stages of the Architecture

DefinitionThe basic operation of the architecture can bedivided in 4 stages

1 Instruction fetch: this stage supplies instruction memory with theaddress to read

2 Date fetch: This stage supplies the basic data needed for theinstruction (Two operands of the SUBNEG instruction)

3 Arithmatic Operations: This stage does the necessary arithmaticoperations(Substraction in this case) for the instruction

4 Write Back: This stage write backs the output of the arithmaticoperation to the second arguement location


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Future

Future of Carbon Nanotube Computer

Future

1 Continuous imporovement of computational power at low energylosses

2 This basic instruction set can be extended to more powerfulprocessor

3 Low metal usage helps us to built environment friendly processor

4 Memory chips with Carbon Nanotubes which gives much moredense memory

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Future

Cons of Carbon Nanotube computer

Cons of CNT Computers

1 Prepartion of Carbon Nanotube are still very expensive

2 Metalic and semiconductor nanotubes cant be prepared withhigh purity

3 It is very complex to build a processor using fully carbonnanotubes


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References

References I

Carbon nanotubes. (n.d.). Retrieved fromhttp://www.nanocyl.com/en/CNT-Expertise-Centre/Carbon-Nanotubes

First carbon nanotube computer to help extend moores law.(2013). Retrieved from http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-57604663-1/first-carbon-nanotube-computer-to-help-extend-moores-law/

Odom, T. W., Huang, J.-L., Kim, P., & Lieber, C. M. (1998).Atomic structure and electronic properties of single-walledcarbon nanotubes. Nature, 391(6662), 62–64.

Shulaker, M. M., Hills, G., Patil, N., Wei, H., Chen, H.-Y., Wong,H.-S. P., & Mitra, S. (2013). Carbon nanotube computer.Nature, 501(7468), 526–530.


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http://www.nanocyl.com/en/CNT-Expertise-Centre/Carbon-Nanotubes

http://www.nanocyl.com/en/CNT-Expertise-Centre/Carbon-Nanotubes

http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-57604663-1/first-carbon-nanotube-computer-to-help-extend-moores-law/



Thank You!

Thank You!

Thank You!


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Education

Carbon Nanotube Computer