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Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Reported by:
Frida Mae Sicad
(Crim. 2-C, Group 8)
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Way of Life
Eighty percent of Cambodia’speople live in rural areas, wheretheir principal occupation issubsistence farming on family-operated holdings. In ruralCambodia, most houses are built
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
of palm leaf and bamboo andare often raised on stilts forprotection from annual floods. Arural village (phum) consists of agroup of houses, usuallyclustered around a Buddhistmonastery, or wat.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
In the cities, life for the poorresembles life in the countryside,but sanitary conditions areworse and violent crime is muchmore frequent. Wealthy andmiddle-class Cambodians valuematerial possessions, which
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
reflect their social standing. Inthe 1990s hundreds ofextravagant villas were built formembers of the political andcommercial elite.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Most rural Cambodians wearsimple clothing and have fewmaterial possessions. Womenusually dress modestly in cottonshirts and ankle-length skirts,reserving their multicolored,locally woven silks for religious
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
festivals. A cotton garmentcalled a krama is worn by bothmen and women as a headcovering, as a loincloth (forbathing), and as a carrying bag.Urban Cambodians usually wear
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Western-style clothing. Rice andfish form the basis of theCambodian diet.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Cambodian families are large,but infant mortality, especiallyfrom intestinal disorders,remains high. Women head alarge proportion of family unitsbecause many men were killedin the warfare of the 1970s and
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
1980s. In most families, femalesmanage the household economy.Women also constitute themajority of vendors at localmarkets. Traditionally, boysbecame monks for a few monthsduring their adolescence,
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
but this practice is fading.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Culture
Throughout Cambodia’s history,religious principles guided andinspired its arts. A unique Khmerstyle emerged from thecombination of indigenousanimistic beliefs and the
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
originally Indian religions ofHinduism and Buddhism. Thesetwo religions, along with theSanskrit language and otherelements of Indian civilization,arrived in mainland SoutheastAsia during the first few
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Shuang Lin Temple, the SriMariamman Temple, and theSultan Mosque, respectively.Singapore’s National Museumcomplex consists of one museumdevoted to the contemporary artof Southeast Asia, one to Asian
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
centuries AD. Seafaringmerchants following the coastfrom India to China broughtthem to the port cities along theGulf of Thailand, which werethen controlled by the state ofFunan in Cambodia. At varying
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
times, Cambodian culture alsoabsorbed Javanese, Chinese, andThai influences.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Between the 9th and 15thcenturies, a prosperous andpowerful empire flourished innorthwestern Cambodia. TheKhmer kingdom of Angkor,named for its capital city,dominated much of what is now
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand.The kingdom drew its religiousand political inspiration fromIndia. The literary language ofthe court was Sanskrit; thespoken language was Khmer.Massive temples from this
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
period, including Angkor Watand the Bayon at Angkor Thum,testify to the power of Angkorand the grandeur of itsarchitecture and decorative art.The unparalleled achievementsin art, architecture, music, and
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
dance during this period servedas models for later culturaldevelopment in Cambodia.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Angkor faded into obscurityafter the capital moved south toPhnom Penh in the 15th century,probably due in part to frequentinvasions by the neighboringThais. The jungle rapidly grewover the monuments. In the
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
centuries that followed,frequent wars reduced theterritory, wealth, and power ofCambodian monarchs. However,an independent state with itscapital near Phnom Penhsurvived until the 19th century.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
The most important work ofCambodian literature, theReamker (a Khmer-languageversion of the Indian myth of theRamayana), was composedduring this time.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
France, which began administering Cambodia in 1863,rediscovered the temples atAngkor and worked to preservethem beginning in the early 20thcentury. Cambodia’s traditionalculture and the monuments of
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Angkor were endangeredbetween 1970 and 1990 due tocivil war. The Communist KhmerRouge regime, which opposedand mistrusted religion andeducation, banned all ofCambodia’s traditional arts and
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
language. Since 1991, whenCambodia’s warring factionssigned a peace accord,international organizations havehelped the Cambodiangovernment restore the sites atAngkor and revive Cambodia’straditional crafts.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Source:
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft
Corporation. All rights reserved.
Socio-Cultural Setting:
Cambodia
Aw Khun!!!
Socio-Cultural Setting
as we
Understanding
Socio-Cultural
Communityfor
establish a
Republic of the Philippines
CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY
Dumarao Satellite College, Dumarao, Capiz
Theme: “Understanding Better the Political, Economic & Socio-Cultural Setting of Southeast Asian Nations for
Peace, Prosperity & People”
March 09, 2015 (8:00-11:30 am)
Campus Library
