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First Aid
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BURNS 1Trg03~Mod8
BURNSBURNS
BURNS 2Trg03~Mod8
Learning Outcomes Learning Outcomes
• Describe how to recognise the severity of:
• Burns• scalds.• Explain how to manage: • burns• scalds.
BURNS 3Trg03~Mod8
BURNS CONT..BURNS CONT..
The skin is the largest organ in the body
Composed of 3 tissue layers
Epidermis – outermost layer made up entirely of epithelial cells no blood vessels
Dermis – framework of connective tissues that contain blood vessels, nerve endings, sebaceous glands and sweat glands
Subcutaneous- combination of elastic and fibrous tissue as well as fatty deposits
BURNS 4Trg03~Mod8
TaskTask
To produce a poster detailing how they would need to recognise and treat the severity of burns and scalds Task 5 7.1, 7.2
BURNS 5Trg03~Mod8
BURNS CONT..BURNS CONT..WHAT DOES THE SKIN DO?
Protective barrier against outside environment
Helps prevent infection
Prevents fluid loss
Helps regulate body temperature
Dermal layer contains nerve endings that convey impulses between the brain and the body
BURNS 6Trg03~Mod8
SKIN LAYERSSKIN LAYERS
BURNS 7Trg03~Mod8
CLASSIFICATION OF CLASSIFICATION OF BURNSBURNS
Superficial
Partial Thickness
Full Thickness
BURNS 8Trg03~Mod8
TYPES OF BURNSTYPES OF BURNS
Dry Wet ChemicalElectrical Cold Radiation
BURNS 9Trg03~Mod8
TREATMENT FOR BURNS or TREATMENT FOR BURNS or SCALDSSCALDS
Primary assessment
Position of casualty
Cool the burn immediately with cold running water for minimum of 10 minutes (do not overcool the casualty and do not touch the injured area)
BURNS 10Trg03~Mod8
TREATMENT FOR BURNS or TREATMENT FOR BURNS or SCALDSSCALDS
Remove constricting items (shoes, jewellery etc) but be careful not to remove anything stuck to the burn
If chemical burns be careful not to contaminate yourself or other areas of the casualty’s body)
Elevate the affected area if possible (reduces swelling)
Dress the burn – non fluffy and non sticky – cling film is good but do not wrap the burn tightly
Alternatives – unused plastic bags or specific burns dressings
Now recommended all children with burn are assessed by medical staff
BURNS 11Trg03~Mod8
TREATMENT FOR BURNS or TREATMENT FOR BURNS or SCALDSSCALDS
DO NOT….
Burst blisters
Touch the burn
Apply lotions, ointments, fats
Apply adhesive tape or dressings
Remove clothing that has stuck to the burn
BURNS 12Trg03~Mod8
TREATMENT FOR BURNS or TREATMENT FOR BURNS or SCALDSSCALDS
SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IF…
The burn is larger than 1 inch square
The patient is a child
The burn goes all the way around the limb
Any part of the burn appears to be full thickness
The burn involves hands, feet, genitals or the face
If you are not sure seek advice
BURNS 13Trg03~Mod8
Radiation (Sun burn)Radiation (Sun burn)
BURNS 14Trg03~Mod8
INHALATION INJURIESINHALATION INJURIES
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Burns to the face or neck
Singed nasal hairs
Stridor (noisy breathing similar to snoring)
A hard cough, spitting up soot
Inhalation injury is the major cause of death in Inhalation injury is the major cause of death in
burns victimsburns victims . .
BURNS 15Trg03~Mod8
CHEMICAL BURNSCHEMICAL BURNS
CAUSTIC SODA BURNS WITH HEAD INJURY
BURNS 16Trg03~Mod8
Chemical burnChemical burn
BURNS 17Trg03~Mod8
CHEMICAL BURNSCHEMICAL BURNS TREATMENTTREATMENT
Protect yourself first
Wash the casualty down immediately
Do not waste time removing clothing, until washing down is under way
Flush until all chemicals are removed
Airway management is a priority
Keep casualty well oxygenated and warm
Dry sterile dressings for all burns
BURNS 18Trg03~Mod8
Electrical BurnElectrical Burn
BURNS 19Trg03~Mod8
ELECTRICAL BURNSELECTRICAL BURNS
NOTE COMPOUND FRACTURE / DISLOCATION OF WRISTNOTE COMPOUND FRACTURE / DISLOCATION OF WRISTCAUSED BY SEVERE MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONCAUSED BY SEVERE MUSCULAR CONTRACTION
BURNS 20Trg03~Mod8
ELECTRICAL BURNSELECTRICAL BURNSTHINGS TO LOOK OUT FORTHINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
Don’t become part of the circuit
Anticipate greater damage than is visible
Examine the patient for associated injuries to bones and internal organs
Monitor patient closely, arrange transportation to hospital
BURNS 21Trg03~Mod8