1. Build digital classroom through recycling old computing devices for growing up education needs: refugee camp case in Bulgaria By Simeon Arnaudov Nacxitl Calva Gonzalez advisor Junseok Hwang 463.507 Practices in Technology Management Economics and Policy 19th of June 2014, Seoul, Republic of Korea UPDATE 12th of August 2014

2. Introduction This research reliable to identify the group of growing up refugee and scan provided educational services to them in particular camp in certain state. However the paper monitored exist refugee legislation will not provide any law-making recommendation. Neither will provide solutions for improve scarcity of resources in refugee camps such as energy resources; clean water; healthcare; accommodation. Target camps are Voenna rampa; Vrajdebna; Sofia camp, all located in Sofia-city municipality. Designed on following principles: a) recycled low power consuming computing device (such as smartphones device with ARM controller); b) open accessed educational e-content; c) free of charge online applications; Goals Digital learning platform Provide a educational infrastructure system built on recycled digital devices and open accessed online learning content, with aim to succeed in transferring students from refugee camp classes to Primary, High or Middle state supported schools. This implicitly will proved better socialization of growing up refugees. Encourage re-usage (recycling) of old Smartphones as digital partially will protect the environment. Similarly usage of low power consuming devices will overcoming energy scarcity in refugee camps. Result Designed a novel educational platform built on recycled low power consuming (old Smartphones) devices and online open accessed e-learning content (www.ucha.se ). 3. Sofia Camp 860 376 231 Vrajdebna camp 420 6039 700 360 341 Voenna rampa Camp Banya camp 70 4210 Harmanly Camp 1900 880 Kovachevci camp 350 237 Banya camp - Name and location of refugee camp 70 42 10 Refugee camp capacity [numbers of beds] Accommodated refugee [number of refugee] Refugees from Syria [number of refugee] TURKEY GREECE ROMANIA BLACKSEA SERBIA 139 850 Refugee map in Bulgaria (16 June 2014) [1] Sofia municipality held three out of six refugee camps with capacity of 1980 beds 4. 1567 2359 2896 Asylum seekers in Bulgaria-Turkey border on Apr 2014 Asylum seekers in Bulgaria-Turkey border on Feb 2014 Asylum seekers in Bulgaria-Turkey border on Nov2013 Asylum seekers in Bulgaria-Turkey border on Oct 2013 Number of foreign citizens seeking protection Issued refugee status Issued humanitarian status Refused status Asylum seekers in Bulgaria-Turkey border on Dec 2013 Asylum seekers in Bulgaria-Turkey border on Jan2014 Asylum seekers in Bulgaria-Turkey border on Mar 2014 Statistics gathered from Ministry of Interior, Bulgaria (May 2014) [2] 3533 1596 263 95 126 232 186 Statistics gathered from State agency for refugees, Bulgaria (01st Jan 31st Mar 2014) [1] 142 Number of NEW registered refugee kids on March 2014 (99 out of 433 new registered refugees in SAfR) Number of NEW registered refugee kids on April 2014 (75 out of 320 new registered refugees in SAfR 99 7523.4% or 22.8% or According to UNHCR [2] of all refugees are children or women Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr 5. First knowledge Provide language classes to refugees. Classes are divided to several groups formed by different language skills and lawful age (growing up students are separated from adults). Allowing refugees with professional background in education will help faster adapting education, limited language gap, strengthen the pupils confidence in following syllabus requirements. TimeHeroes. TimeHerous is non-government organization, which provide language courses. Digital class room Take to account current experienced in traditional and digitalized education in state supported schools. Create a model of digital classroom built over low energy consuming digital devices. Create a list with desired specification of Old Smartphones appropriately for recycling and converting them to credit card [5] size personal computers. The concept of low power consuming digital device is built on Raspberry Pi pocket computers [3]. Software: OS UbuntuTouch; VueX a classroom manager software; ITPP-TEMEP team e-Learning content Select an appropriate education offline and online learning content fulfilling specific educational needs. Open e-Learning data base (www.ucha.se) Socialization Reduce level of isolation, through usage of online and offline social networks. Collaboration between NGOs and ITPP- TEMEP team Objectives Activities Executor 6. Exploded view of Raspberry Pi [3] Exploded view of old Smartphone* Low power consuming devices * Design of exploded view of old Smartphone is inspired from Raspberry Pi and Nokia N700 hardware architecture Unavailable features in old Smartphone HDMI LAN USB RCA Camera Linux based OS Video controller ARM processor architecture RAM Internal permanent memory Audio controller Yes USB I/O HDMI Network controller Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes LAN No Raspberry Pi Nokia N700 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Wireless connectivity No No Yes Comparing hardware architecture of Raspberry Pi Model A with Nokia E700 7. Socialization Helping refugees adjust to local society and new life. Entering domestic Primary/Middle/High Schools Multifunctional digital classroom The digital classroom will provide: learning environment; facilities for content creation; education application development (tutors); online/offline cultural exchange; distance communication with lost relatives; and etc. Unique and easy to replicate model The principle of building digital class room with low energy consuming equipment; open accessed educational e-content; and free of charge online applications will give this universality of the education platform for implementing and easy adapting in states with scarcity of infrastructure (as electricity). Accepting refugees with educational professional background to join provided lectures with aim to increase the level of learning and students adaptation to the education system, in addition will limited language gap between tutor and student; strengthen the pupils confidence in following syllabus requirements. Working with volunteer will accelerate the socialization and local langue learning Environmental protection Recycling and reusing old mobile phones can have a positive impact on the environment by saving energy, protecting natural resources and stopping materials, which can be reused from being taken to landfills where they go to waste[6] Expected results 8. References [1] http://www.aref.government.bg/?cat=8 [2] http://zakrila.info [3] http://www.raspberrypi.org [4] http://www.therefugeeproject.org/ [5] http://infinigeek.com/introducing-raspberry-pi-rpi-a-fully-programmable-pc/ [6] http://infinigeek.com/the-benefits-of-mobile-phone-recycling/ 9. Stakeholders observable Government non- Government Refugee Citizens Legislator agent Regulator agent State agent for refugee Domestic NGO(s) UNHCR-Domestic office Domestic Red cross union Potential professionals Potential professionals unrecognizable International United nation Other human rights organizations Appendix 1 10. break 2 weeks 12 weeks 4 weeks 2 weeks July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Beginning of academic year 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 1st 1st 3rd 3rd 3rd 4th 4th 4th 4th 5th 5th 5th 3rd 3rd 4th 4th 5th 5th 5th 6th 6th 6th 6th 6th 6th 1st* 1st* 1st* 1st* 1st* 7th 7th 7th 7th 2nd * 2nd * 2nd * 8th 8th 8th 9th 9th 9th 10th 10th 11th 3rd* 3rd* 3rd* 4th* 4th* 1st* 7th 7th 2nd * 2nd * 8th 8th 3rd* 9th 4th* 10th 11th 5th* 5th* 6th* 12th 2nd semester Qualification exam for entering middle school Appendix 2