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Project Ploughshares, a Canadian NGO, uses research and action to break the cycle of war.
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www.ploughshares.ca .
© Allan Gichigi - IRIN www.ploughshares.ca .
Economic and social problems
are consistently and
repeatedly denied or ignored
© Julius Mwelu - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
Stage 1: Violent forms of struggle, aided by easy
access to small arms, are seen as the only option
© Julius Mwelu - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
Stage 2: also aided by an abundant supply of arms,
local authorities use military means to suppress dissent
© Julius Mwelu - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
The crisis escalates until options for effective action have
dramatically narrowed – prevention is no longer an option
UN Photowww.ploughshares.ca .
Stage 3: military intervention is seen as the only option
UN Photowww.ploughshares.ca .
Destruction caused by armed conflict worsens social and
economic conditions
© Allan Gichigi - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
bringing us back to the beginning
© Julius Mwelu - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
© Julius Mwelu - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
© Julius Mwelu - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
UN Photowww.ploughshares.ca .
© Allan Gichigi - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
© Allan Gichigi - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
© Manoocher Deghati - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
by pursuing a comprehensive approach to security, including:
Development
UN Photowww.ploughshares.ca .
Democracy
UN Photowww.ploughshares.ca .
Disarmament
© Kate Holt - IRINwww.ploughshares.ca .
Diplomacy
UN Photowww.ploughshares.ca .
and Defence