brain machine interface ppt

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Presented By:

Soumee sharmila pattnaik

BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACE

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In the futuristic vision of the Wachowskibrothers’ movie trilogy “The Matrix”, humans dive into a virtual world by connecting their brains directly to a computer……..MOVIE FICTION: THE MATRIX

In the futuristic vision of the Wachowskibrothers’ movie trilogy “The Matrix”, humans dive into a virtual world by connecting their brains directly to a computer……..

MOVIE FICTION: THE MATRIX

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.Definition

.General Principle

.Background

.ComponenT

.Simplified model of BCI

.Training of BCI system

.Present Development and Future

.Applications

.BCI for Healthy Users

.Drawbacks

.Computational ChallengesFuture Expansion.Conclusion

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OVERVIEW

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DEFINITION DEFINITION A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is acollaboration in whicha ran acceps ancontrols a mechanicaldevice as a natural partof its representation of the body.

DEFINITION DEFINITION A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is acollaboration in whicha ran acceps ancontrols a mechanicaldevice as a natural partof its representation of the body.

A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a collaboration in which a brian accepts and controls a mechanical device as a natural part of its representation of the body.

DEFINITION

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BACKGROUNDBACKGROUNDSignals from an array of neurons read.Cerebral electric activityrecorded.Signals are amplified.Transmitted to computer Transformed to devicecontrol commands.Using computer chips andprograms.Signals translated intoaction.



Signals from an array of neurons read.Cerebral electric activityrecorded.Signals are amplified.Transmitted to computer Transformed to devicecontrol commands.Using computer chips andprograms.Signals translated intoaction.

BACKGROUND

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The implant device,or chronic multi-electrode array.The signal recording and processingsection. An external devicethe subject uses toproduce & controlmotion.A feedback section tothe subject

BASIC COMPONENT

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Conduct electricity

Biocompatible material(teflon)

Chemically inert

Provide the electrical contactbetween the skin and theEEG recording apparatus

IMPLANT DEVICE

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Signal Processing Section Multichannel Acquisition SystemsSpike Detection

SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEM

• SPIKE DETECTION

.MULTICHANNEL ACQUISITIOSYSTEMS

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.Pattern RecognitionApproach.Operant ConditioningApproach

BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR LEARNING MODE

Two different approaches:

TRAINING OF BCI SYSTEM

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Development of BCI

Early work: Algorithms to reconstruct movements from motor cortexneurons, which control movement were developed in 1970s.The first Intra-Cortical Brain-Computer Interface was built byimplanting neurotrophicconeelectrodes into monkeys.After conducting initial studies in rats during the 1990s, researchersdeveloped Brain Computer Interfaces that decoded brain activity in monkeys and used the devices to reproduce monkey movement in robotics arm.

Present Developments:

.BCI for Tereaplegics

.Brain controlled Robot ‘.BRAINGATE’ BCI.ATR HONDA’s new BCIBCI2000

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‘BRAINGATE’ BCI ‘BRAINGATE’ BCI The ‘Braingate’ device can provide motor-impaired patients amode of communication through the translation of thought intodirect computer control.

FEATURES OF BRAINGATE BCI FEATURES OF BRAINGATE BCI Neural Interface Device.Consists of signal sensor andexternal processors.Converts neural signals to outputsignals. Sensor consists of tiny chip withelectrode sensors.Chip implanted on brain surface.Cable connects sensor to externalsignal processor.Create communication o/p usingdecoding software.

ATR & HONDA DEVELOP NEW BCI ATR & HONDA DEVELOP NEW BCI BCI for manipulatingrobots using brain signals.Enables decoding naturalbrain activity.MRI based neural decodin. No invasive incision of head and Brain.By tracking haemodynamicresponses in brain.Accuracy of 85%

BCI2000BCI2000BCI2000 is an open-source, general-purpose system forBCIresearch.It can also be used for data acquisition,stimulus presentation, and brainmonitoring applications.During operation,BCI2000 stores datain a common format (BCI2000 native orGDF).BCI2000 also includes several tools fordata import or conversion and exportfacilities into ASCII.BCI2000 also facilitates interactionswith other software.









BCI2000.BCI2000 is an open-source, general-purpose system for.BCIresearch.It can also be used for data acquisition,stimulus presentation, and brainmonitoring applications.During operation,.BCI2000 stores datain a common format (.BCI2000 native orGDF)..BCI2000 also includes several tools fordata import or conversion and exportfacilities into ASCII..BCI2000 also facilitates interactionswith other software..

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BCI APPLICATIONS

.Medical applications(restoration of a communication channel for patients with locked-in syndrome and the control of neuroprosthesesin patients affected by spinal cord injuries )

.Counter terrorism(10 times faster image search).multimedia and virtual reations.millitary applications

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BCI FOR HEALTHY USERS

.Induced disability

.Ease of use in hardware.Ease of use in software.Otherwise unavailableinformation.Improved training orperformance.Confidentiality.Speed.Novelty.

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DRAWBACKS .EEGs measure tiny voltage potentials. The signal is weak and prone to interference. .Each neuron is constantly sending and receivinG signals throuh a complex web of connections.. There are chemical processes involved as well, which EEGs can't pick up on..The equipment heavy(~10 lbs.) & hencenot portable.

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.Minimally invasive surgical methods..Next generation Neuroprosthesis..Vision prosthesis..BCI for totally paralyzed..Minimal number of calibration trials..Development of telemetry chip to collect data without external cables.

COMPUTATIONAL CHALLENGES ANDFUTURE IMPLEMENTATIONS

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.A potential therapeutic tool..BCI System is nominated for the European ICT Grand price..Potentially high impact technology.

CONCLUSION

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REFERENCES

.www.howstuffworks.com

.www.techalone.com

.www.brainlab.org

. www.wikipedia.org

.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

http://www.howstuffworks.com/

http://www.techalone.com/

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THANK YOU.

Education

brain machine interface ppt