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Black Skin White Mask Critical Overview
Hitesh Galthariya
Roll No :- 08 M.A. Sem :- 3 Year :- 2015-16
Paper :- 11 The Postcolonial Literature
Submitted to :-Smt.S.B. Gardi
Department of EnglishM.K.Bhav.University
Introduction of the writer
Frantz Omar FanonBorn :- 20th July, 1925 at Martinique (French colonial
empire)Died :- 6th December 1961- Mary land (U.S)
He was Afro-Caribbean psychiatrist, philosopher, and the French writer whose works are influential in the field
of post-colonial studies and Marxism.
His contribution in literature and criticism areBlack skin white mask- 1952A dying colonialism – 1959
Wretched of the earth -1961Toward the African revolution - 1964
Black Skin White MaskBSWM is a sociological study of the psychology of racism and
dehumanization inherent to colonial domination
Fanon describes that Black people experience in the White world.
Fanon talks about, self-perception of the Black Subject who has lost his native cultural origin, and embraced the culture of
the Mother Country
He also talks about the inferiority complex in the mind of the Black subject
“For the black man there is only one destiny. And it is white”
-Frantz Fanon
Black Skin White Mask divided into 8 ChapterThe Black man and Language.
The Woman of color and the ‘Whiteman’
The man of color and the white woman.
The so-called Dependency Complex of the Colonized
The Lived Experience of the Black Skin.
The Black man and the Psychopathology.
The Black Man and Recognition.
Way of Conclusion.
Chapter 1 – The black man and Language
Language of the colonizer and the language of the colonized people.
Inferior vs. superior.
Colonizers language means language of intelligent, Language of power.
Feeling and desire to learn language spoken by French man.
Experience as a colonized.
Language of power.
Chapter 2- woman of color and the white man
These woman look down on their own race and deep down want to be white.
He applied psychoanalytic theory to explain the feeling of interdependency and inadequacy that black people experienced in white world.
That they divided self perception of the black woman/man has lost their native cultural origin.
It is because of black woman feels inferior that she aspires to gain their entry into white world.
Chapter 3 The Man of Colour and the White Woman
deals with the mental condition of Black man and their desire to be white.
Why Whiteness is something goodness?
White people have rules over Black people and they have shaped that idea that whiteness is symbol of Goodness.
Whiteness is spread as a something goodness and they believe that whiteness gives them higher position in Society.
Chapter 4 The So-Called Dependency Complex of the Colonized
Colonialism produce an inferiority complex in the mind of the black subject, who then will try to appropriate and imitate the culture of the colonizer.
The writer argues against Fanon’s view that people of color have a deep desire for white rule, that those who oppose it to do not have a secure sense of self that they have a chip on their shoulder.
I came to understand that the stereotypes of Happy Darkies, Uppity Negroes and White Saviors all come from the need of white people to feel that their power in society is good and not racist.
Conclusion
Black Skin White Masks, Fanon argued that colonialism dehumanized the native.
This process was thorough that the black man can see himself
only as the black (mirror) image of the white man.
The white man is the master, and represents an object that is to be feared and desired.
The black therefore tries to be more like the (desirable) white man/master. He puts on 'white mask'.
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