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Vermelding onderdeel organisatie
Problem analysisClinically driven approach
Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials EngineeringDepartment of BioMechanical Engineering
Gabriëlle J.M. Tuijthof1,2
1Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands2Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Illustration
Question: 2 problems
Learning objectives of this lecture
• Justify importance of independent problem analysis
• Explain clinically driven approach & discuss its
strengths and weaknesses
• Apply clinically driven approach in your project
assignment
Question: general design process
General design process
Focus: problem analysis
evaluation
Introduction orthopedics: arthroscopy-meniscectomy
tibia
femur
tibiapatella
femur
menisci
fibula
patella
cruciate ligament
arthroscope & sheath
irrigation
probe
Problem: reachability in the joint
film
Arthroscopy-meniscectomy
Problem: reachability in the joint
Current solution: large instrument set
Arthroscopy-meniscectomy
total of 20 operations complex
number of exchanges 11 (SD ± 9) 26 (SD ± 7)
Problem analysis:
Observations
Sideways & upward tipsnot in same operation
pairs: link grandma
Bridging the gap
Drawing by P. Breedveld
Characteristics surgical field
• Traditional master-pupil teaching situation
• Conservative
• Increasing technology
• Lack of reflection
Clinically driven approach
Definition:
The clinically driven approach can best be described
as a multidisciplinary problem analysis where the
physician and the designer analyze the specific needs
independent of a technical solution
Philosophy:
New instruments do truly fulfill clinical needs
Ergonomics or human-centered design
On the basis of knowledge on human characteristics
guidelines are provided for the design of human-
machine interfaces in order to perform the optimal
combination of functioning
pairs: indicate other fields
Examples of ergonomics
Prostheses and orthoses
Flight control
pairs: indicate tools
Clinically driven approach: Tools
• Literature
• Observations
• Time-action analysis
• Interview/Discussion
• Questionnaires
four: strengths & weaknesses
Clinically driven approach: Tools
write 1 sentence
+ -Literature A lot of info
Previous attemptsNot specific
Observations Fresh look Not quantitativeNo interaction
Time-action analysis Detailed info Time consumingNo interaction
Interview/Discussion Close interaction opportunity to present problems
Challenge to process data
Questionnaires Easy to process Insufficient freedom to express problems
Summary
• ….• Use the clinically driven approach for your design project