BIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN

ADOLOSCENCE

Adolescence is a change of from biological immaturity

to maturity

• The adolescent growth spurt is one of the earliest signs of puberty.

• At peak height velocity, girls grow at about 3.5 inches/year.

• …boys grow about 4.1 inches/year. • Asynchronicity in growth means that some parts of the body grow faster than others.

• There is a spurt in muscle growth due largely to the increase in testosterone, which is larger in boys.

• Levels of body fat increase during puberty but more for girls than for boys.

• In both boys and girls, the heart becomes larger, heart rate falls and vital capacity of the lungs increases.

• Gender differences exist in cultural expectations for physical activity in many cultures…

BIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN GIRLS

• Increase in height.• Development of fatty and subcutaneous tissues• Broadening of hips• Growth of hair in armpits• Voice becomes shrill• Appearance of breast bud• Onset of menarche

BIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN BOYS

• Increase in height• Development of muscles• Broadening of shoulders• Growth of hair in the armpits , and pubic area and appearance of facial hair• Voice break takes place due to lengthening of vocal cord and enlarging of larynx• Nocturnal emissions take place

Menstruation is a woman's monthly bleeding. When you menstruate, your body

sheds the lining of the uterus (womb).Menstrual blood flows from the uterus

through the small opening in the cervix and passes out of the body through the vagina .

MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Infrequent periods Oligomenorrhea

Short or extremely light periods Hypomenorrhea

Too-frequent periods (defined as more frequently than every 21 days) Polymenorrhea

Extremely heavy or long periods Hypermenorrhea

Extremely painful periods Dysmenorrhea

Breakthrough bleeding alsobetween periods; normal in many females

Metrorrhagia

Absent periods

MENSTRUAL DISORDERS