Biofuels; Biorefineries; Related Technologies

University POLITEHNICA of BucharestUniversity POLITEHNICA of BucharestFaculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials ScienceFaculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science

http://www.chimie.upb.ro/https://www.facebook.com/fcasm.upb

Domain: BiotechnologiesDomain: Biotechnologies

Specialty:Specialty: BIOFUELS, BIOREFINERIES, and RELATED BIOFUELS, BIOREFINERIES, and RELATED TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES

Type: Interdisciplinary/Transdisciplinary Master


Specialty: Specialty: Biofuels, Biorefineries, and Related Technologies


Origin

Fossil fuel reserves are limited!

CO2 concentration in the atmosphere increases

exponentially!


Evolution of raw materials sources for the production of organic chemical compounds

After a long period of petroleum supremacy, organic chemistry turns to renewable resources!




The use of 10% biofuels in traditional fuels (EU target for 2020)

The gradual replacement of organic intermediates derived from petroleum with those derived from biomass;

The biorefinery of the future will produce biofuels, valuable organic intermediates, biodegradable polymers, plant extracts, and foods, etc.

The current trend




• 1857 – the first country in the world with a officially registered production of crude oil

• The first refinery in the world– 1856 Ploiești – Marin Mehedințeanu• In 1937, Romania held the 7th place in the world in oil reserves;• The value of the oil extracted by Romania is estimated to be around

200 billion $ (http://www.zf.ro/companii/energie/romania-mai-are-rezerve-de-petrol-de-peste-200-de-miliarde-de-dolari-piata-are-nevoie-insa-de-concurenta-pentru-a-debloca-subsolul-si-a-creste-gradul-de-recuperare-a-resurselor-14064411)

• How much oil is left? Hard to say, maybe 9-20 years.

Petroleum in Romania




Biomass in Romania

Biomass resources exceed several times the oil reserves, and they are renewable and can provide jobs to tens of thousands people!• starch and sugars (cereals and potato starches and sugar-rich plants);• vegetable oils, producing mainly food ingredients, and valuable chemical intermediates

(oleochemicals) from plants like rapeseed, sunflower, soybean;• green biomass (hay, alfalfa, etc.), it has two distinct separated sections processing juice and

cake;• lignocellulose – processing of a wide range of lignocellulose biomass by thermochemical,

chemical or biological processes;• aquatic biomass (micro or macro algae)• household waste




General introductory courses:– Biochemistry - special chapters– Bioresources

Specific subjects of domain:– Biomass conversion by thermochemical processes– Biofuels - technologies– Biorefineries - technologies– Biorefineries – process integration – Biofuels expertise– Pollutant emissions reduction during the obtaining and use of

biofuels– Superior biomass valorization – fine chemistry

Curricula




Specific courses – Chemical engineering– Flow in polyphase systems– Mass transfer in polyphase systems– Chemical and biochemical reactors

Optional courses:– Clean energy sources / Systems for energy storage– Numerical methods and optimization / Automatic control of

bioprocesses – Additives for biofuels / Biopolymers

Management course:– Project management




Internships and study visits




Research directions BIOFUELS

– Biofuels or olefins by Fischer Tropsch synthesis– Bioethanol by fermentation– Obtaining biodiesel from waste oils or oils with high acidity– Additives for fuels and biofuels– Exploitation of glycerin as a byproduct from biodiesel production

BIORESOURCES– Extraction of bioactives from plant (oils, polyphenols, etc.)– Production of valuable chemical intermediates from biomass

(HMF, succinic acid, lactic acid, etc.)– Natural extracts of compounds with biocidal properties used for

an ecological agriculture– Surfactants from renewable sources– Enzymatic reactions




Employment opportunities

Profile enterprises (refineries, factories producing biofuels)PRIOBIO Lehliu, ROMPETROL, SC IPO BIODIESEL, MAREX Braila, SC Biofuel SA

Superior biomass valorization and Product quality control laboratoriesGEROCOSEN, TYMBARK, Chemix

Educational, research and design institutionsICECHIM, SIPCHEM

Equipments and products sale and distributionCompact industrial, Bioterpena




- Further professional development of graduation - PhD

Finalized theses:•BIOETHANOL - METHODS FOR OBTAINING USING IMMOBILIZED YEAST - Bădoiu Corina (Ovidius University)•BIOETHANOL CONDITIONING FOR USE AS FUEL - Eduard Sarbu (Chemical engineering design company)•REMOVING SO2 And NOx FROM FLUE GASES USING ACCELERATED ELECTRON BEAM - Valentina Gogulancea (Assistant Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering )

In progress theses:•Selective production of bioolefins •Natural extract from plants - ginger oil production and encapsulation•Natural extract from plants - polyphenols•Methods of obtaining natural extracts•Obtaining of essential oils from plants and their encapsulation




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