Low Cost Portable Ventilator With Automatic Regulation

ABSTRACT

Low-cost portable ventilator is mainly used to keep patients breathing by using the atmospheric air.It is a tool kit used in an emergency situation for first-aid purpose.The new system encases the pump in a plastic box with a battery , motor and controls to take the place of the manual compression process.

EXISTING SYSTEMThe procedure of Ambu Bag is used as a

artificial lung for lung disorders. This manual system is too difficult to operate

the device manually in an emergency.There’s a chance for an over pressurizing of

lung cells which may leads patient’s death incase of manual ventilation.

DISADVANTAGE

Need oxygen cylinder.Manual Pressure control.Not a portable one.High cost. It is difficult to handle both mask and

ambu bag simultaneously.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

In our proposed system manual compression of Ambu Bag is done by mechanically.

The proposed system has a stepper motor which is used for the compression and expansion of the ambu bag by its forward and reverse rotation.

Here we use atmospheric air for ventilation. There is no need for an external oxygen cylinder.

BAG VALVE MASK

1.MASK2.CONTROL VALVE3.AIR BAG/AMBU BAG4.STEPPER MOTOR5.INLET TUBE

12 3

4 5

ADVANTAGES

It is Portable size.Low cost. It uses atmospheric air.It has very simple mechanism. Over pressurizing can be prevented.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

• Micro-controller(atmel 89s52)• LCD display(2*16)• ADC (0809-8 bit adc)• Stepper motor• Mechanical filter• Pressure sensor

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

• Embedded C• Keil Compiler

BLOCK DIAGRAM

ADC (ad0809)

MICRO CONTROLLER

(atmel89s52)

LCD display

Stepper driver

Mechanical filter

Pressure Sensor

Keypad controller

Air bag

Inlet Air flow

Control Valves

To mask

Alarm CAM

Stepper motor

BLOCK EXPLANATION

Keypad controller is used to set the predefined volume of pressure,

Average respiratory rate which is already known by the Doctors. Microcontroller is used to store the given data and drive the stepper

motor. When the stepper motor gets on, the compression and expansion of

Ambu bag is started through the stepper driver. Ambu bag is used to suck the air from atmosphere through the inlet

tubes and delivered it to the mask(during compression and expansion process) through the filter.

Filter is used to remove the dust particles from the air.

Pressure sensor is fixed between the mask and the Ambu/Air

bag which is used to collect the pressure level and give it to

the ADC.

ADC is used to covert the analog data(pressure sensor output)

into digital data.Now the data will be displayed by the LCD

through micro controller unit.

If the pressure level is varied then the alarm gets on so that we

may control the pressure by adjusting the control knobs.

FLOW CHART

Set The Predefined Value

Run The Stepper Motor

Compression And Expansion Of The Ambu Bag

A

B

YES

NO

B

Mask O/P = Predefined Value

Continuous Rotation(Forward &

Reverse) Of The Motor

Stop

Stop The Motor By Giving An Interrupt Signal

Adjust The Value By Using The Control Knobs

A

ALGORITHM

STEP 1: Set the predefined values(volume of air delivered, pressure level) in the

ventilator kit.

STEP 2: Stepper motor is gets on and it gives forward and reverse rotation.

STEP 3: Compression and Expansion of Ambu bag is done according to the rotation of

the stepper motor and the air is delivered to the mask.

STEP 4: If the output of the mask(displayed by the LCD) is equal to the predefined

value means the motor gets continuous forward and reverse rotation and delivered the

air to the patient’s.

STEP 5: If the output value is not equal to the predefined value means we just stop the

stepper motor by giving an interrupt signal.

STEP 6:Now the value is adjusted by the use of control knobs.Then the motor gets on

to work to delivered the air.

SNAP SHOT

MECHANICAL MODULE

MASK

AIR/AMBU BAG

STEPPER MOTOR

ADC

LCD

µC

STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

Conclusion: From this project we can avoid the over pressurizing of lung cells and we doesn’t need the oxygen cylinder for ventilation.

Future work: In future we may replace the filter by the Air purifier or Air curtains which is used to remove the dust particles as well as the smoke presented in an atmospheric air.

THANK YOU