EARTHQUAKE RISK MANAGEMENTBHUJ, GUJARATJANUARY 26, 2001

What is EARTHQUAKE?

• Earthquake refers to the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. It may also refer to sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction.

HOW COMMON ARE EARTHQUAKES?Magnitude (Richter Scale) Number per Year

0 – 3.4 >800,000

4.9 – 5.4 1400

5.5 – 6.1 500

7.0 – 7.3 15

>8 1 every 10 years

• Date:January 26, 2001• Magnitude7.7 MW

• Depth16 kilometers (10 mil)• Epicenter LocationYellow star marks epicenter• Countries or regions affected India• IntensityHighDamage caused: 19,727 believed dead 166,000 injured 40,000 homes destroyed 5.5 billion $ loss of assets

BHUJ EARTHQUAKE 2001

DAMAGES BY BHUJ EARTHQUAKE 2001

5 year old girl recovers at a hospital in Bhuj on Monday after Friday's massive earthquake

Helpless man being trapped under debris

DAMAGES BY BHUJ EARTHQUAKE 2001

How to mitigate and manage the risks from Earthquake?

RISK MANAGEMENT

PROTECTION

Preparing for an Earthquake

Knowledge and Research

1. Become familiar with earthquake terms.• Aftershocks• Epicenter• Fault• Focus• Intensity• Magnitude• Mercalli Scale• Tidal wave• Tsunami

2. Safeguard your home by:• Bolting bookshelves, water heaters and cabinets to wall studs.• Anchoring things so that they will not move or fall during an earthquake.

Preparing for an Earthquake

Protection

During Earthquake1. Get under a heavy table or desk and hold on,

or sit or stand against an inside wall.2. Keep away from windows.3. Many injuries occur when people act on their

impulse to run.4. Train yourself to take cover where ever you are.

Responses Inside Buildings during an Earthquake1. Drop, cover, and hold on.2. Get under a table.3. Do not stand in a doorway. Buildings today have so much partitioning, much of which is temporary, that many doorways are actually weak points. 4. If you have nothing to get under, sit down against an interiorwall or next to a chair, holding on if possible.5. If children are in another room, take cover in the closest safe place and call to them to do the same.

Responses If You Are Outside during an Earthquake

1. Outside, get away from buildings, walls, trees and power lines.• If you cannot get clear of hazards, getting back inside a building is better than staying on the sidewalk.• Sidewalks next to buildings are among the worst places to be.

2. In a car, ease off the accelerator and slow down carefully. Do not stop on or under overpasses and bridges if you can avoid them. Be aware of what traffic around you is doing and act accordingly.3. If you live in coastal areas, be aware of possible tsunamis.

Responses After Earthquake

In addition to the basic precautions undertaken after the earthquake you should:1. Expect aftershocks.2. Avoid using vehicles except in emergencies.3. Check yourself for injuries and protect yourself by

putting on shoes, work gloves and any other protective gear at hand.

4. If the electricity is off, turn on a flashlight5. Once you are sure that you're all right, check the

people around you for injuries.• You might ask loudly, "Is everyone okay?" This will

also help calm people.• The types of injuries that happen most often in an

earthquake include cuts, bruises, fractures and physiological shock.

Gujarat Earthquakes 2001 Earthquake 2006 EarthquakeDate 26-Jan-01 6-Apr-06

Location Gujarat Gujarat

Damage

20,000 died No deaths

Around 166,000 injured

Around 40 people were injured.

5.5 billion $ loss of assets

Around 1 million $ loss of assets

40,000 homes destroyed

Around 50 homes were destroyed

Magnitude range(Richter Scale) 5.5 - 8 5.5 - 8

After 2001 Earthquakes risk management techniques were adopted by people of Gujarat. With the help of Knowledge, Protection and Coping, the damage caused by 2006 Earthquake reduced drastically as compared to 2001 Earthquake

2001 Gujarat Earthquake Vs. 2006 Gujarat Earthquake

Results of Risk Management

THANK YOU