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BEHAVIOUR OF GASES.CHAPTER – 18.
THREE STATES OF MATTER.
1. SOLID.2. LIQUID.
3.GAS.
NO DEFINITE SHAPE / VOLUME.
MAIN FEATURES OF GASES.1.HIGHLY COMPRESSIBLE.
2. EXERT PRESSURE EQUALLY IN ALL DIRECTIONS.
3. MIX EVENLY IN ALL PROPORTIONS.
4. LEAST DENSE THAN OTHER STATES OF MATTER.
MAGIC BALLON.
FOR FIXED MASS OF GAS AT CONSTANT PRESSURE ,THE VOLUME EXPANDS OR
CONTRACTS AS THE TEMP.. VARIES.
CHARLES
GAY LUSSAC
“UNDER CONSTANT PRESSURE DEGREE RISE IN TEMP.., THE
VOLUME OF THE GAS INCREASED BY 1/273 OF THE
ORIGINAL VOLUME AT 0°C (273K)”
* “KELVIN” IS THE SI UNIT OF TEMPERATURE.
* TEMP.. – 273°C IS CALLED ABSOLUTE ZERO.(0K)
* AT 0K ALL GASES OCCUPU MINIMUM TEMP..
CHARLES LAW.“ AT CONSTANT PRESSURE, THE VOLUME OF A FIXED MASS OF GAS IS DIRECTLY
PROPORTIONAL TO ITS ABSOLUTE TEMP..”
V α T.V = KT.
(WHERE “K” IS PROPORTIONALITY CONSTANT.)
EQUATION FOR CHARLES LAW.
= K
APPLICATIONS OF
CHARLES LAW.
1. BALLOONS POPS OUT DURING HOT SUMMER THAN IN WINTER.
2. SODA BOTTLES STORED IN COOL & DRY PLACES.
ROBERT BOYLE.
RELATION B/W
VOLUME & PRESSURE OF GASES
WHEN TEMP.. IS
KEPT CONSTANT.
BOYLE’S LAW.“ AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE,
THE VOLUME OF A GIVEN MASS OF DRY GAS IS
INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO ITS PRESSURE.”
DIFFUSION.• “ RANDOM MOVEMENT OF
GASEOUS MOLECULES FROM THE REGION OF HIGHER CONCENTRATION TO THE REGION OF LOWER CONCENTRATION.”
RATE OF DIFFUSION OF A GAS.
“ RATE OF DIFFUSION OF A GAS IS EQUAL TO THE VOLUME OF A GAS
DIFFUSING PER UNIT TIME”
“ THE RATE OF DIFFUSION OF A GAS
IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO
THE SQUARE ROOT OF ITS DENSITY”