Before & After #MOOCs

@fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13

niace Digital Learning Conference

Learning at the Digital Frontier Senate House, London

This house proposes that“Adult Education must embrace the MOOC culture”

This presentation presents a position AGAINST MOOCs BUT for Adult & Community e-Learning (ACL)

Before #MOOCs

@fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13

What is Digital Learning?

Community Development Model of Learning

In 2002 I was asked to develop a Digital Divide Content Strategy

Knowing the USA ContentBank project (@andycarvin) I argued for a research-based process;Metadata for Community Content

Community Development Learning

Community Development Model of Learning

We found;1. NO Content solves the Digital Divide2. Interest-driven learning/Andragogy3. Self-supported learning communities4. Community-responsive curricula

*Context is Queen*We needed;1. Content–creation toolkits (aclearn.net)2. Timely Interventions by trusted intermediaries…

Digital Divide Inclusion Network

Community Development Model of Learning

Cybrarian project 2002 also developed a prototype Facebook for Learning

Rejected because;a) Need new metaphor; social networksb) Government doesn’t want inclusionc) Formal education disables you from

seeing new ideas

In 2002 the Web went participative

What is Web 2.0?; http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html

Learner-Generated Contexts Group

Learner-Generated Contexts Shock of the Old 2008

LGC; a group looking at what learning would look like post-web 2.0! Participatory, learner-generated, web as a platform for social learning etc…

“A coincidence of motivations leading to agile configurations”

or Trust the learner and organise around what emerges…

Learner-Generated Contexts Group

Smart Mobs – Howard RheingoldEverything is Miscellaneous – Dave WeinbergerHere Comes Everybody – Clay Shirky

OR Smart Mobs +Everything is

MiscellaneousMeans

Here Comes Everybody

In 2007 OU launched Open Learn

Open Learn; http://www.open.edu/openlearn/Open Context Model of Learning

The Open University opened first Open Education Resource based project at a British University, based on its historic distance learning model (1964)

Open-Context Model of LearningAn Open multi-context post-Web 2.0 “Pedagogy” based on Pedagogy Andragogy Heutagogy Continuum…“The most exciting thing happening in England” – John Seeley Brown

P A HTeacher

School

Teacher/Learner

Learner

Research

Cognition Epistemic

Cognition

Meta-Cognitio

n

Adult

Pedagogy Andragogy Heutagogy

From Andragogy to Heutagogy PAH Continuum

Pedagogy the institutionalisation of learning around facts, resource scarcity, subject disciplines; education as a delivery system (cognition)

Andragogy negotiated, collaborative, interest-driven learning brokered into ‘open’ spaces. At best the community is the curriculum (meta-cognition)

Heutagogy self-determined learning where learner creativity enables innovation (epistemic cognition)

Pedagogies are not enough

Learning is Emergent; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/Emergent Learning Model http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/fg-ouemergenttable

Learning is Emergent not institutionalised! We need to design for emergence and create tools to support that in a wiki-based collaborative world;

“Fit for Context” Learning;Emergent Learning Model rethinks learning as i. Social Processes not classroomsii. Content Creation or Curation not textbooksiii. Quality Assurance not high-stakes assessmentWe needed to build new learning exemplars of ‘non-linear dynamic systems’

Ambient Learning City

Ambient Learning City; http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/ambientlearningcityAggregate then Curate http://mosialong.wordpress.com/2011/08/08/aggregate-then-curate/

Being Insanely Ambitious we decided to test emergent learning by turning Manchester into an Ambient Learning City Cities have many more learning contexts than a single classroom, so we decided to design for them;

BUT We needed new Learning Metaphors

Aggregate then Curate our new #socialmedia participation model Creating structured ways for people to inter-act with their city; even during riots (A History of Manchester in 100 objects)

Aggregate then Curate; Emergence

Aggregate then Curate (Research in learning technologies)

Before the xMOOC

Learning is Emergent; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/Emergent Learning Model http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/fg-ouemergenttable

1. No “killer” content makes learning easy/inclusive2. Context is Queen3. People want to learn – trust them4. People want to collaborate – support them5. Create tools for learning and allow free use6. New learning contexts need new learning metaphors7. New learning metaphors need new processes8. Learners are naturally andragogic online9. Web 2.0 tools and social networks enable heutagogy10. Learning is emergent & we can design for that

Enter the xMOOCs

@fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13

Enter the MOOC

Building Democractic Learning

I assume we are talking about xMOOCs

1. xMOOCs are pedagogically-driven course-based educational content-delivery systems.

2. xMOOCs reflect NOTHING whatsoever that we have learnt about LEARNING based on the digital disruption of the last 20 years

3. xMOOCs Not even a “sage on the stage” but hierarchically-based; reflecting 1000 years of “Education under the Lecturn”

4. xMOOCs are unheated digital libraries in the sky

The problem with xMOOCs

Building Democractic Learning

1. xMOOCs ignore everything learnt about learning2. xMOOCs return the Technology-Enhanced

Learning debate back to technology-push3. xMOOCs are about 19th Century institutions

crowding out debate about 21stC learning4. That debate is driven by people who do not

know how to teach nor what learning is5. xMOOCs are about using the values of the credit

crunch to create an education crunch

After the #MOOC

Making Learning – Fit for Context

If we want Digital Learning

Digital Practitioner;

We have discovered that;1. People want to learn2. Learning is social and informal3. Collaboration and discussion enable learning4. Digital tools enable Search & evaluation, Collaboration

& discussion AND curation and creation (andragogy & heutagogy) in learning

We need; New teaching skills participatory learning processesNew metaphors social platforms learning literacies

Are we e-enabling traditional education or transforming learning?

Digital Learning for a Network Society

Homi and the NeXT One;

But education is about designing the society that we want to live in. It has to be “Fit for Context” I want;• Interest-driven learning• Trust in learners• Social Justice not Social Capital• Open Scholarship• Co-creating network Society• Participatory DemocracyAdult Education needs;

“artfully-crafted, student-centred learning experiences” (Digital Practitioner report 2011)

Accrediting Emergent Learning

Co-creating Open Scholarship WikiQuals Project

In WikiQuals we are looking at how you “accredit” the heutagogy of self-determined learningTrust the SqolarCo-creating Open ScholarshipDevelop Personal Learning NetworksAct in the real world (and document it)

Participatory Democracy needs participatory learningWe need to rethink the society we want and how we

use learning networks and democracy to get there

Digital Learning for a Network Society

Open Learning and Network Democracy

LEARNING>ECONOMY \/

Learning Product

Learning Services

Transformational Platforms

Business as Usual

xMOOCS cMOOCs Distributed Learning Hubs

Digital Upgrade

E-service delivery

JISC e-portfolio Learner-centric BYOD

Network Democracy

Aggregate then Curate at Home

Architecture of Participation / Pattern Design

Multi-context participatory co-creation

Econ-model Tech-Push Demand-Pull New Society

Some QuotesThe Internet is your learning environment South Bristol Learning Network 1994“Solve the problem that annoys you most” Philippa Young MOOCs are a meme that might raise the level of debate about next-generation agile learning David JenningsLearning itself does not scale, because learners own their own learning Fred GarnettSocial media in education is characterised by a) a set of social practices b) a learning environment c) digital tools Violeta Maria Serbu (CROS Bucharest) School pokes your eyes out, University teaches you Braille, Postgraduate Education teaches you speed-reading in Braille Fred Emery 1965

Digital Learning Resources Links

Presented to NIACE Digital Learning Conference11 / 12 / 13

Community Development Model of LearningLearner_Generated ContextsOpen Context Model of Learning blogCraft of Teaching / PAH ContinuumEmergent Learning ModelAmbient Learning CityAggregate then CurateDigital PractitionerOpen Learning and Network DemocracyCROS Alternative UniversityBook on Integration of Formal & Informal Adult eLearning

Contact @fredgarnett https://twitter.com/fredgarnett

Adult eLearning Resource

Presented to NIACE Digital Learning Conference11 / 12 / 13

Synergic Integration of Formal and Informal E-learning Environments for Adult Lifelong Learners

Edited by Sabrina LeonePublished by IGI Global

Towards an Adult Learning Architecture of Participation

Book on Integration of Formal & Informal Adult eLearning

Before & After #MOOCs

@fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13