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Basic spanish grammar: Adjectives
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ADJETIVOS / AdjectivesR. Poncela
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Adjetivos / Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe a noun
El barco es blanco / The boat is white
Mi hermana es tímida / My sister is shy
Adjetivos / AdjectivesThey change their endings according to
whether the noun is masculine or femenine, singular or plural: this is known in Spanish as “concordancia” or “agreement” of adjective.
El barco es blanco / The boat is white
Mi hermana es tímida / My sister is shy
Adjetivos / AdjectivesThe ending on an adjective agrees with the noun it
describes, both in gender (m,f) and number (s,pl) If the noun is masculine, the adjective must be masculine, if the noun is feminine, the adjective must be feminine.
El barco es grande Los barcos son grandes
Mi hermana es tímida Mis hermanas son
tímidas
Adjetivos / Adjectives
Dictionaries usually list adjectives in their masculine
singular formtímido, da.(Del lat. timĭdus).1. adj. Temeroso, medroso, encogido y corto de ánimo.
Adjective endings
The masculine singular form usually ends in –o
El barco es blanco / The boat is white
Adjective endings
If the noun is feminine singular, the adjective will usually end in –a
Mi hermana es tímida/ My sister is shy
Adjective endings
Add –s to the masculine adjective if the noun is masculine plural
Los barcos son blancos / The boats are white
Adjective endings
Add –s to the feminine adjective if the noun is feminine plural
Mis hermanas son tímidas/ My sisters are shy
Adjective endingsAdjectives ending in –e don’t change in the
feminine form.Singular Plural
Masculino -e -esFemenino -e -es
Un chico inteligente / An intelligent boy
Unos chicos inteligentes / Some intelligent boys
Una chica inteligente/ An intelligent girls
Unas chicas inteligentes / Some intelligent girls
Adjective endingsAdjectivs ending in –a in the dictionary
Singular PluralMasculino -a -a
Femenino -a -a
Un sombrero lila / Una corbata lila
Unos sombreros lila / Unas corbatas lila
Adjective endingsAdjectives ending in a consonant
Singular PluralMasculino No change Add –es
Femenino No change Add -es
Un boligrafo azul / A blue pen
Una mesa azul / A blue table
Unos boligrafos azules/ Some blue pens
Unas mesas azules / Some blue chair
