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Basics of PHOTOGRAPHY
What Makes a Good Photograph?
Good Composition
Sharp Focus
Good Lighting
Correct Exposure
The Right Lens
Thought Behind the Picture
WHAT IS
COMPOSITION?
How you compose or frame different elements in a photograph.
There are a few basic rules for composing or framing a good picture.
Your camera can’t compose for you.
RULES OF FRAMING /COMPOSITION
• Rule of Thirds• Different Angles – Low Angle & Top Angle • Close Up, Mid Shot, Wide/Landscape • Head Room
Composition/Framing - Rule of Thirds
Composition/Framing - Rule of Thirds
Follow the Gaze
Composition/Framing - Rule of Thirds
Follow the Direction of the Movement
Which Direction is the Elephant Moving In?
Is this Picture Following the Rule of Thirds?
Composition/Framing – Different Angles
• Low Angle
• Top Angle
Composition/Framing – Different Angles
• Low Angle
Composition/Framing – Different Angles
• Top Angle
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Close Up
• Mid Shot/Frame
• Wide Shot or Landscape
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Close Up
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Close Up
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Extreme Close Up
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Extreme Close Up
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Mid Shot or Medium Shot
Composition/Framing – Different Frames• Mid Shot or Medium Shot
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Wide Shot
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Landscape Shot
Composition/Framing – Different Frames
• Landscape Shot
Composition
Different Frames & Different Angles
The different angles or the frames you choose, can make or break you picture.
The power in a picture comes from the different angles or frames you choose
Composition/Framing – Head Room• Space above the head should not too much
What Makes a Good Photograph?
Good Composition
Sharp Focus
Good Lighting
Correct Exposure
The Right Lens
Thought Behind the Picture
A Good Picture is Mostly in Sharp Focus Unless Intended to be Blurry
Good Picture is Mostly in – Sharp Focus Unless Intended to be blurry
Good Picture is Mostly in – Sharp Focus Unless Intended to be blurry
Good Picture – Good Lighting
Best Natural Lighting –Mornings – Sunrise to 10 am
Evenings – 3pm to Sunset
Natural Light Timings Change According to Seasons
Avoid Taking Pictures When the Sun is Over Head
Good Picture – Good Lighting
Make Sure
That the Light Source is Behind You
That the Light should be Falling On the Subject
Good Picture – Good Lighting
If the Light Source is Behind the Subject And in Front of you/camera
You will get a ---
Silhouette
Good Picture – Good Lighting
Silhouette
Good Picture – Good Lighting
Silhouette
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Exposure Controlled by 3 Components
Aperture
Shutter Speed
ISO
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
ApertureControls the Amount of Light Entering the
Camera Through the Aperture or the Iris of the Camera Lens and Falling on the Camera Sensor.
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
ApertureThe aperture of the camera behaves exactly in
the same way the iris of our eyes do.
When there is too much light the iris becomes SMALL or closes up
When there is less light the iris enlarges or OPENS UP
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
ApertureVery Sunny - Small iris – Higher the Number
Low Light – iris opens up – Lower the Number
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedThe Speed at which the Shutter of the Camera
Opens and Closes.
It controls the amount of time the light gets to fall on/read by the sensor.
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA High Shutter Speed is Used for
Fast Moving Subjects/Objects
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
High Shutter SpeedA High Shutter Speed is Used for
Fast Moving Subjects/Obj
ects
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
High Shutter SpeedA High Shutter Speed is Used for
Fast Moving Subjects/Obj
ects
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA Slow Shutter Speed is Used
When the Light is LOWOr
When a Blurry Effect is Desired
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA Slow Shutter Speed is Used
When the Light is LOW
OrWhen a Blurry
Effect is Desired
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA Slow Shutter Speed is Used
When the Light is LOW
OrWhen a Blurry
Effect is Desired
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
ISOISO helps the camera Sensor to be more or less
sensitive to light.
Usually a Higher ISO is used when the Light is Low.
Note – Higher the ISO, grainier the picture.
Composition/Framing – Depth of Field
• When the background is out of focus
• For 2 reasons• The focus is on the object in the front• And the Aperture is fully open, ie the light is
low or the light entering the camera is less because of the settings you have chosen.
Composition/Framing – Depth of Field
Composition/Framing – Depth of Field
What Makes a Good Photograph?
Good Composition
Sharp Focus
Good Lighting
Correct Exposure
The Right Lens
Thought Behind the Picture
The Right Lens
Different Kinds of Lens
Normal LensWide Angle Lens
Telephoto/Tele LensZoom Lens
Fish Eye LensMacro
The Right Lens - Macro
Useful for getting the details of insects, flowers, etc.
What Makes a Good Photograph?
Good Composition
Sharp Focus
Good Lighting
Correct Exposure
The Right Lens
Thought Behind the Picture
The Thought Behind the Picture