S.RAJENDRAN ENGLISH

FORGETTINGMeaning: Forgetting and remembering are the two

sides of the same coin. we can forget the incorrect responses when

we acquire the correct once.

DefinitionForgeting is the loss of the ability to recall or

recoganise some thing learned earlier.

N.L.MUNN

Theories of forgettingforgetting

Decaying/ distortion

disuse

Change in memor

y trac

e

Inadequate

time for

consolidation

blockingInterference

between

materials

learnt

Excited emotio

n

Theory of decay or disuse: Forgetting occurs because of decay of

memory traces with the passage of timeTheory of interference: Happenings between learning and recall

may cause forgetting.

Pro active inhibition

Material learnt earlier may interfere with the recall of

material leant later

Underwood and Asubel said more the similarity between old and new learning greater the interference.It is greater if the new materials are not easly subsumable under

earlier leaned system

Trace change theory

Once memory of what has seen tends to change in specific ways (closure, good figure and symmetry).

Trace laid down by an original experience becomes a more perfect and better balanced figure there by losing some of its quality

Retrieval failure theoryAt times we cannot recall the name of a

friend whom we know well. But when conditions are different the information comes back spontaneously (tip of the tongue).

Emotional disturbances: due to fear, anxiety, self consciousness,

stage fright, ect paralyse recall.

Motivated forgettingUnhappy incidence are more quickly

forgotten than that those which cause happiness.

Sigmund freud said that we forget what we want to forget.

Consolidation theory If the newly formed traces are disturbed and

no time given for consolidation the will be wiped out.

Retrograde amnesia or backward forgetting supports the consolidation theory.

Ebbinghaus experiment and curve of forgettingIt is a quantitative study of the lose of

retention after laps of time.It various from types of material.Forgetting curve suggests that forgetting is

never complete and total.

Educational implicationRevision: forgetting is a rapid phenomena and hence

revision are taken up frequently to maintain the retention

Effective teaching: effecting teaching is maintained for effective

learning for promotion retention.

Study habits: should be regular and proper. should not be distracted. Hurried teaching: should be avoided. we tend to forget the materials leant. concentration is essential

Useful: should be made to understand what is being

taught. will motivate the students to remembering

capacity. Memory aids: mnemonics can be used.

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