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technology and student attitudes
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Lauren Lewis Northern Arizona University
STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARD THE USE OF MOBILE
DEVICES IN THE LANGUAGE
CLASSROOM
WHY INVESTIGATE THIS TOPIC?
• The integration of mobile devices (smartphones/tablets) in the language classroom is becoming commonplace among language teaching professionals at all levels.
• When used appropriately, the use of these devices, as well as, the use of certain online programs/applications and social media sites can have a positive impact on language learning.
• Still, many students and teachers remain resistant to incorporating these tools in their language learning/language teaching experiences.
• This presentation will discuss the results of a study conducted in two lower-level Spanish courses at Northern Arizona University where students used mobile devices and different online programs/social media to complete various activities to practice different language skills.
TECHNOLOGY RULES!
http://talktechwithme.wordpress.com/2012/10/17/blooms-revised-technology-taxonomy/
So many ways to use it!
WHAT THE EXPERTS SAY…
Technology rules! In general,• perceptions are
positive toward using mobile devices to learn & practice language
• for some it is the preferred way
• Positive claims indicate facility of access to resources, assignments, available anywhere at anytime Al-
fahad (2009); Chompu-Inwai & Doolen (2008)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
What are students’ attitudes and perceptions toward:• using mobile devices to learn and practice language skills
in the classroom• using certain web tools and social media sites to learn and
practice language skills
How they perceive the use of such technology in helping them successfully learn and practice specific language skills.
THE STUDY
• 44 students• 18-30 years of age
• 2 lower-division Spanish classes (SPA102) at Northern Arizona
University• 93% use a smart phone
• 45% use a tablet• Technology use survey
• 4 activities—2 in class; 2 outside of class
• Technology task survey
TECHNOLOGY USE SURVEY
How do you most often use your computer/other mo-
bile device?
Communica-tionEntertainmentCoursework
57%20%
20%32%
Technology Pro-ficiency
Average Ad-vanced
Expert
18%45%34%
SOCIAL MEDIA
Which social media sites do you use?
FacebookTwitterInstagram
64% 93%
82%
77% do not use social media for any course
ACTIVITY 1
Collaborative story• Outside of class; homework assignment• Twitter; class hashtag #nauspa102• To practice grammar, vocabulary, and writing • Add a line to the story using appropriate
vocabulary and grammar
ACTIVITY 2
Animated video• Outside of class; group project• GoAnimate • To practice speaking, pronunciation, and vocabulary • Create a short animated video that incorporates at least 5
new vocabulary words from the chapter
GoAnimate
ACTIVITY 3
Informal evaluation/warm-up• In class; done in the beginning as a warm-up/review from
previous day’s lesson• Socrative.com• To review the grammar topic (the imperfect) learned
during the previous class• Students log in using a key and take the quiz (completion)
Socrative
ACTIVITY 4
Video dialogue• In class; partners• Video/recording function on mobile
device• To practice speaking and
pronunciation skills• Create a short video dialogue
between two characters in the story “Una carta a Dios” that presents an alternate perpspective of the story
Smart phone/tablet
RESULTS
Vocab
ular
io
Gram
ática
Lect
ura
Escr
itura
Compr
ensió
n au
ditiv
a
Habla
4035 35
40
0 04 4 4 4 1 10
5 50
43 43
De acuerdo En desacuerdo No se aplica
Focus: Grammar, Vocabulary and Writing91% of students agreed that this activity/technology was effective in helping practice vocabulary and writing. 80% felt it helped with grammarWhy was it effective?—students are familiar with the technology, did not involve many steps, complicated directions, or learning new technology
RESULTS
Focus: Speaking and vocabularyMost unpopular; least effective59% disagree with its effectiveness in helping them practice vocabulary, and 57% disagree with its effectiveness in helping them practice their speaking and pronunciation skillsWhy was it ineffective? –students were not previously familiar with the technology, the website offers free & premium options for creating video causing frustration and confusion, involves many steps; some technical issues (sound, publishing); group work
Vocab
ular
io
Gram
ática
Lect
ura
Escr
itura
Compr
ensió
n au
ditiv
a
Habla
18 18 18 18 19 19
26
19
11 11 11
25
0
7
15 15 15
0
GoAnimate
De acuerdo En desacuerdo No se aplica
RESULTS
Focus: Grammar75% perceived this to be an effective way to practice and review grammarWhy was it effective? Students were already somewhat familiar with the technology, and were familiar with the format of the quiz, not many steps, clear and easy directions, the skill (grammar) was isolated making the purpose of the activity more clear
Vocab
ular
io
Gram
ática
Lect
ura
Escr
itura
Compr
ensió
n au
ditiv
a
Habla
2
33
410
0 02
11
2 41 1
41
0
38
30
43 43
Socrative
De acuerdo En desacuerdo No se aplica
RESULTS
Focus: Speaking and pronunciationMost effective; most popular91% believed it was effective in helping practice speaking skillsWhy was it effective? Students are very familiar with this technology, not new or complicated to learn/use, not many steps, clear and easy directions, no technical issues
Vocab
ular
io
Gram
ática
Lect
ura
Escr
itura
Compr
ensió
n au
ditiv
a
Habla
28 26 28 27
3640
4 4 2 26 4
12 14 14 15
2 0
Video diálogo
De acuerdo En desacuerdo No se aplica
STUDENT COMMENTS
“I think it takes the stress off performing in front of the class, and allows for multiple attempts”“Socrative is fun and more interesting to use than a regular quiz”“Saves paper and is good practice”“I wouldn’t have been as careful in my grammar and spelling if we hadn’t published it”
“Using technology makes it confusing”“I would have rather done it in person”“There is no point in frustrating students when they can learn more comfortably otherwise”“I really do not like using technology for Spanish”
Positives
Negatives
RESULTS
GoAnimate Twitter Socrative Video diálogo
13
3840
44
31
6
1 00 03
0
The technology was easy to use?
De acuerdo En desacuerdo No se aplica
GoAnimate Twitter Socrative Video diálogo
13
4036
44
31
4 400 0
40
The technology was re-liable?
De acuerdo Endesacuerdo No se aplica
RESULTS
GoAnimate Twitter Socrative Video diálogo
31
4
20
1013
32
23
33
0
8
1 1
I could have done this task better without the use of technology?
De acuerdo En desacuerdo No opinión
CONCLUSIONS
The majority of students perceived the use of technology to complete the activities as a positive and effective way to learn and practice Spanish. (in particular using mobile devices for class activities)
If the task was done during class time, or outside of class time was not a factor, but I believe the familiarity with the technology was a factor.
The nature of the technology (technical issues, many steps, new accounts, etc.) was also a factor
RECOMMENDATIONS
Eliminate anxiety, frustration, confusion with more practice and/or demonstrations of how to use the technology
Call students attention to the purpose of the task, and the purpose for using technology
Offer options and different opportunities to use technology to learn and practice Spanish
QUESTIONS
Thank you!