Automating Citations

• Nicole Branch, MLIS

• Research Librarian

• Information Literacy Workshop Series

• Research Help Services

Objectives

• Master the basics of APA & MLA citation style

• Discover tools to support easy and accurate citations

• Become familiar with resources to find answers to perplexing citation challenges

Giving Credit

Making Reference

Remixing

A quoting of an authoritative source for substantiation.

• Helps avoid plagiarism

• Adds credibility to your work

• Allows reader to find your sources

Source: American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

Citations

Citation Styles

• AMA

• APA

• Chicago/Turabian

• MLA

Hynes W. Contending with modernity: Catholic higher education in 20th-century America. Journal of Religion. January 1, 1998;78(1):123-125.

Hynes, W. (1998). Contending with modernity: Catholic higher education in 20th-century America. Journal of Religion, 78(1), 123-125.

Hynes, William J. 1998. "Contending with modernity: Catholic higher education in 20th-century America." Journal of Religion 78, no. 1: 123-125.

Hynes, William J. "Contending with modernity: Catholic higher education in 20th-century America." Journal of Religion 78.1 (1998): 123-125.

Two Sides of Citations

• Citations in-text (parenthetical citation).

• Bibliography: References (APA) or Works Cited (MLA).

• Every citation in-text must be in your bibliography; every item in your bibliography must be cited in-text.

In-text Citations• Reference ideas, summaries, and quotes from other

works using parentheses in the body of your paper. The basic format is (Last name, Year) in APA and (Last Name Page) in MLA.

• If the author is named in the sentence, only include the year (APA) or page (MLA) in parentheses.

• For direct quotes, include the page number (Last name, Year, p. #) in APA. Always include the page in MLA.

• The period comes after the closed parentheses.

Example Quote

Example Quote

• Martin Luther King, Jr. stated “I believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word in reality. This is why right, temporarily defeated, is stronger than evil triumphant.”

Example Quote

• Martin Luther King, Jr. stated “I believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word in reality. This is why right, temporarily defeated, is stronger than evil triumphant” (King & Washington, 1986, p. 91).

APA Style In-text Citation

Example Quote

• Martin Luther King, Jr. stated “I believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word in reality. This is why right, temporarily defeated, is stronger than evil triumphant” (King and Washington 91).

MLA Style In-text Citation

Example Paraphrase

Example Paraphrase

• Martin Luther King, Jr. noted in his Nobel Prize acceptance speech that social struggle can include setbacks.

Example Paraphrase

• Martin Luther King, Jr. noted in his Nobel Prize acceptance speech that social struggle can include setbacks (Nobel Media, 2012).

APA Style In-text Citation

Example Paraphrase

• Martin Luther King, Jr. noted in his Nobel Prize acceptance speech that social struggle can include setbacks (Nobel Media).

MLA Style In-text Citation

References

King, M. L., & Washington, J. M. (1986). A testament of hope: The

Nobel Media (2012). Martin Luther King: Nobel lecture. Retrieved

February 13, 2012 from http://www.nobelprize.org

essential writings of Martin Luther King, Jr. San Francisco, California: Harper & Row.

Works Cited

King, Martin L., and Washington, Jean M. (1986). A Testament of Hope:

Nobel Media. “Martin Luther King: Nobel Lecture.” nobelprize.org, 2012. Web, 13 Feb 2012.

The Essential Writings of Martin Luther King, Jr. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1986. Print.

Citation Challenge

• Craft a citation in based on the resource provided.

• No computers.

• Write your response on the handout.

Citation Solution

Line Spacing

• Double space entire document, including reference list. Do not double-double space (i.e., between paragraphs).

Paragraphs

• Indent the first sentence of a new paragraph 5-7 spaces (one-half inch).

Font

• Use standard 12-point font.

• Times New Roman is the APA preferred font.

Margins

• Use one-inch margins throughout.

• Align margins flush left and “ragged” right (i.e. don’t align the right margin flush or “justified”).

Running head (APA)

• On the title page, type Running head: and the title of your paper (shortened to 50 characters or less and in all capital letters) in the header.

• On subsequent pages, include only the title in all caps.

Reference List• Begin reference list on its own page after the body of

the paper.

• Title page References -- capitalized and centered (but NOT in bold face type) at the top. In MLA, title the page Works Cited.

• List references alphabetically by author.

• Double space and indent all lines after the first of any given reference.

• Do not double-double space between citations.

Purdue OWL

APAStyle.org

Citation Management Software

• Find one article, book, or report in each database.

• HNU WorldCat, ProQuest Research Library, CQ Researcher and Academic Search Premier.

• Export the citation into RefWorks.

• Create and print a four-item reference list.

Automating Citations

• Find one article, book, or report in each database.

• HNU WorldCat, ProQuest Research Library, and Academic Search Premier.

• Export the citation into RefWorks.

• Create and print a three-item reference list.

• There will be a prize.

Automating Citations

Questions?

Thank you!

• Go to: http://tinyurl.com/english1bsurvey

Nicole Branch, MLISResearch Librarian

branch@hnu.edu510.436.1060

Photos courtesy the Associated Press and Creative Commons licensed images on flickr.