AUDIENCE & INSTITUTIONS TERMINOLOGY REVISION

This is when a film company profits from all the different stages of film production, distribution and exhibition

In Britain, only two companies ever achieved full vertical integration: (the rank organisation and the Associated

picture company)

Sony has never quite full achieved it.

VERTICAL INTEGRATION

This is more common that vertical integration and normally occurs when a company wants to sell a media product in

numerous markets

Horizontal integration occurs when a company in the same industry and in the same stage of production is being taken-

over or merged with/by another firm which is in the same industry and in the same stage of production as of with the merged firm e.g. a film production company merging with another film company. Working Title’s link with Universal

might be described as a form of horizontal integration

HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION

Convergence - Hardware and software coming together across media and companies coming together

Synergy - Interconnected marketing and distribution of media products across a range of platforms and sectors

Alliance - An agreement between two or more parties, made in order to advance common goals and to secure common

interests.

Production - Making a media product

Hardware and software coming together across media and companies coming together

TERMINOLOGY

Push Media – Where producers “push” media at us

Pull Media – Where we select and and search for what we want e.g

Distribution Channels – ways of getting the media to the audience

Distributor – organisation/person sending the media out into the public domain

Exhibitor – The company/organisation who shows the media to the public

KEY TERMS

Cross Media Ownership – companies own media in different forms e.g radio & newspapers

Conglomerate – A large company which owns many smaller companies over a variety of media

TERMINOLOGY