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Holocaust Lesson
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Atrocities of WWII
The Holocaust
Holocaust• Step 1: Hitler told the Jews to leave• Step 2: Take all rights from the Jews• Step 3: Ghettos for the Jews• Step 4: Concentration camps• Step 5: Death camps
• Nuremberg Laws – removal of rights• Ghettos
– Jews crowed for Nazi propaganda– Judenrat decide who leaves
• Jews in charge• Pick who goes 1st to camps
• Warsaw ghetto uprising– Over 400K in Ghetto– 1942 ghetto being liquidated
• Spring of 1943 about 100K– B-day present for Hitler (4/20)
» Want liquidate ghetto – Uprising lasted until May 10
» Luftwaffe drop incendiary bombs» Soldiers march in w/ flamethrowers
• 1938; 7 Concentration Camps• 1945; ~200 Camps
• Work Camps– Industry & Agriculture
• No gas chambers• Serve term & go home
– 3 strikes & you’re out
– Badges in camp... • Red, Green, Blue, Purple, Pink, Black, or Yellow
– Red: Political prisoners– Green: Habitual criminals– Blue: Emigrants– Purple: Jehovah’s Witnesses– Pink: Homosexuals– Black: Vagrants– Yellow: Jews {Also wore criminal triangle}– Star of David later– Gypsies given brown triangle at some camps
• 1938 increase Jews sent to camps for being Jews
– What does it mean to be a Jew?• Shakespeare
– Jewish faith• Dickens
– The way you look• 19th Century
– Racial & Ethnic background
• Nazi’s – Jew is a Jew is a Jew
» 1 Jewish grandparent
• Terezin (Czechoslovakian show camp)
– Red Cross visits...told all camps like Terezin– Not terrible...just can’t leave
• Death Camps– Wannsee Conference {1942} 15 Nazi officials
• Led by Reinhard Heydrich (Head of Gestapo)• Goal: answer “Jewish Question”
– Mandatory sterilization too time consuming– Endlosung chosen (Final Solution)
» Developed by Adolf Eichmann– Method
• Deportation to killing centers• Immediate death; can’t work
– Very young, old, weak• Segregation by gender• Decimation through forced labor and little food• Eventual Death
• Death camps designed for genocide– Deliberate annihilation entire group people– German’s genocide
• Almost 6 million Jews • Major death camps• Auschwitz, Dachau, & Treblinka
• Railways important for transport– Postcard stop– No railroad...call in troops
• Camp Life– Separated upon arrival
• Mornings roll call...jobs assigned– Learn to be chosen & stay alive
• Gas chambers– Gas pellets brought in Red Cross trucks
» Zyklon B» Cyanide based insecticide» Hydrocyanic acid/Hydrogen Cyanide
• Testing/Experiments– Dr Josef Mengele worked at Auschwitz
• Preformed experiments– Known as “The Angel of Death”
• Studies on twins
• Liberation– Prisoners; Many mentality child-like
• Malnutrition, & treatment/torture
• Einsatzgruppen = mobile killing squads– All S.S. members
• Relocate• Jews in vans; divert exhaust
• Shoot Jews & others & leave bodies lay or in pit