PowerPoint Presentation
Gravity, Motion, and EinsteinBy: Briley Mastis, Brenden O'Brien,
& Russell Rounds
Motion
Motion is described as the following:
Speed: rate at which the object moves Speed =
distance/timeUnits: m/sExample: 10 m/s
Velocity: speed and direction Example: 10 m/s, due east
Acceleration: any change in velocity, including a change of
direction at a constant rate. Acceleration: speed/timeUnits:
m/s2Examples: turning, slowing, and speeding up
Momentum and ForceMomentum = mass x velocity(P=mv)Net Force:
changes momentum; which generally means an accelerationChange in
velocityAngular Momentum: rotational momentum of a spinning or
orbiting object (L=mvr)Torque: a type of force that can change an
objects angular momentum
Newtons Laws of MotionMass: the amount of matter in an
objectWeight: the force that acts upon an object
Isaac Newton
Newtons First Law
Every object will continue to be in a state of rest or move at a
constant speed in a straight line unless it is compelled to change
by an outside force.
Newtons Second Law
The change ofmotionof a body is proportional to and in the
direction of the force acting on it.
The greater the mass of the object being accelerated, the
greater the amount of force needed to accelerate the object.
Force=mass x acceleration
Newtons Third Law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newtons Famous Gravity EquationNewton used this equation to
support his idea of mass and gravity.
F = Gravitational ForceM1 and M2 = Mass of objectsR = Separation
between objectsG = Gravitational constant
Center of Mass and Seesaws Imagine the center of mass is a
Seesaw on a playgroundIf the weight is equal the Seesaws center
balance is in the middle and the two sides would be even. If one
side has more mass, the center of balance changes. Just like in
space!
M1M2Center of MassM1M1M2M2Center of MassCenter of Mass
EinsteinEinstein opened humankinds eyes to the universeHe showed
us what the universe has been like for the past couple billions of
yearsMade tons of break through in his life
Einstein's theory of RelativityEinstein extended newton's theory
on relativityEinstein shocked the world in 1905He determined that
all laws of physics are the same for all non acceleratingHe
published his theory in two stepsSpecial theory of Relativity
(1905)General theory of Relativity (1915)
Theory of relativity Made up of three rules1. every time you
measure an object's speed, its momentum, or how it experiences
time, will always be measured in relation to something else.2. the
speed of light is the same no matter who measures it or how fast
the person measuring it is going3. Nothing can travel faster than
the speed of light
General relativityShows us just how extreme our universe
isStates that gravity pulling in one direction is equivalent to
acceleration in anotherTalks about how we perceive gravityExplains
the motion of planetsHistory and expansion of our universe
Special relativitySpecial relativity is a theory of structure of
space timeLaws are all the same in all internal frames and the
speed of light is the same for all observers
References:https://www.sciencenews.org/article/einsteins-genius-changed-sciences-perception-gravityhttps://openstax.org/details/books/astronomyhttp://astro.unl.edu/naap/esp/centerofmass.htmlhttps://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/K-12/airplane/newton.htmlhttps://www.sciencenews.org/article/einsteins-genius-changed-sciences-perception-gravityhttp://www.wired.co.uk/article/einstein-theory-relativity
