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[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Opening Education through Student
ActionNicole Allen
OER Program Director, SPARC
Association of Big Ten Students ConferenceJanuary 18, 2014 Minneapolis, MN
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
MY STORY
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Cheney Breaks Senate Tie on Spending CutsBy ANDREW TAYLORThe Associated Press Wednesday, December 21, 2005
WASHINGTON -- The Republican-controlled Senate passed legislation to cut federal deficits by $39.7 billion on Wednesday by the narrowest of margins, 51-50, with Vice President Dick Cheney casting the deciding vote.
The measure, the product of a year's labors by the White House and the GOP in Congress, imposes the first restraints in nearly a decade in federal benefit programs such as Medicaid, Medicare and student loans.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/12/21/AR2005122100221.html
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
NAME: David Reichert
OFFICE: Member, U.S. Houseof
Representatives Washington 8th
District
PARTY: Republican
VIEWS: Moderate
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Congress tries to make education cost even more
As a college student, I am downright livid that Congress is trying to make higher education even
less affordable. As you discussed in "Student Loans: Historic cuts" (Thursday), Congress's paltry
attempt to appear fiscally responsible included the $12.7 billion it robbed from students over the
next five years. The most dumbfounding part to me is that $12.7 billion will decrease the deficit by
only $8.50 per American per year, while the cuts could increase the average student debt load by
$5,800.
The difference is not going to pay off the national debt, but to offset the $106 billion in tax cuts
Congress passed in the same breath as the budget cuts. How dare Congress tell me that I will have
an even harder time paying for college for the sake of fiscal responsibility when the congressional
budget bill actually increases the deficit.
The House will have one more chance to vote down the misnamed Deficit Reduction Act in
February. Representatives need to remember that current students are the ones who will pay off
the debt from this administration's fiscal irresponsibility. Burdening my generation with more
student debt and reducing our access to college will only lower our collective earning (and
taxpaying) power.
Nicole Allen
University of Puget Sound, Tacoma
Letters to the EditorSaturday, December 31, 2005
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
It's unfair to graduate with a load of debt
Hooray! Finally a college student speaks out about cuts to higher education to fund tax cuts for
those who presumably already have their college education. Kudos to Nicole Allen for speaking up
about this issue (Sunday letters). It's about time the younger generation gets on its hind legs to
fight back.
I went to college in the '60s with government help, as did most of my lower-middle-class friends. As
a result, we moved solidly into the middle class and beyond. What did this country receive in return
for this gift to us? Millions of people who had good jobs bought homes and goods and services. We
paid taxes so that we could all be better off. Guess how much debt we started our lives with as a
result of this government help? None, zero, zip. We started our working lives debt free.
Get going, college students. Demand no less for your generation.
Diane Bowers
Shoreline
Letters to the EditorMonday, January 2, 2006
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
It's unfair to graduate with a load of debt
Hooray! Finally a college student speaks out about cuts to higher education to fund tax cuts for
those who presumably already have their college education. Kudos to Nicole Allen for speaking up
about this issue (Sunday letters). It's about time the younger generation gets on its hind legs to
fight back.
I went to college in the '60s with government help, as did most of my lower-middle-class friends. As
a result, we moved solidly into the middle class and beyond. What did this country receive in return
for this gift to us? Millions of people who had good jobs bought homes and goods and services. We
paid taxes so that we could all be better off. Guess how much debt we started our lives with as a
result of this government help? None, zero, zip. We started our working lives debt free.
Get going, college students. Demand no less for your generation.
Diane Bowers
Shoreline
Letters to the EditorMonday, January 2, 2006
“Hooray! Finally a college student speaks out about cuts to higher education to fund tax cuts for those who presumably already have their college education. Kudos to Nicole Allen for speaking up about this issue (Sunday letters). It's about time the younger generation gets on its hind legs to fight back.”
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.orghttp://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/02/images/20060208-8_d-0292-2-
515h.html
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
House Cuts Student Loan Interest Rates in Halfmsnbc.com staff and news service reportsupdated 1/17/2007 6:09:49 PM ET
WASHINGTON -- The new Democratic-led U.S. House kept another campaign promise Wednesday and voted to help financially strapped students cover the soaring cost of college.
The House set aside objections from President Bush's administration as well as concerns by lenders and passed a bill to cut in half the interest rate on need-based federal student loans over five years to 3.4 percent. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16668166/
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
House Passes Student Aid BillSeptember 18, 2009By Doug Lederman
WASHINGTON -- The House of Representatives on Thursday approved sweeping legislation to overhaul the student loan programs and redirect tens of billions of dollars to student aid and other education programs, brushing aside Republican opposition and handing President Obama a significant legislative victory. The House's approval of the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2009, which had been a foregone conclusion for months, shifts the action to the Senate, where the outcome is slightly less predictable.
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2009/09/18/aid
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.orghttp://www.studentpirgs.org
Students deliver 130,000 letters telling Congress “don’t double our rates”
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At 11th Hour, Congress Approves Freeze of Interest Rate on Some Student LoansJune 29, 2012By Michael Stratford
After months of disagreement over how to pay for a temporary freeze on the interest rate for certain federal student loans, Congress on Friday passed a bill that averts a rate increase but reduces some benefits for borrowers.
The measure keeps the interest rate for federally-subsidized loans to undergraduates at 3.4 percent until July 2013. Lawmakers attached themeasure to their compromise package for highway projects, which received bipartisan support in both houses of Congress. It passed the House by a 373-52 vote, and the Senate approved it 74 to 19.
http://chronicle.com/article/At-11th-Hour-Congress/132721/
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Senate Reaches Deal to End Fight Over Student Loan Interest RatesBy JEREMY W. PETERSPublished: July 17, 2013
WASHINGTON — Senators negotiating a bipartisan deal to keep student loan rates low reached a deal on Wednesday night that could end the partisan feud on Capitol Hill that has threatened to permanently double interest rates.
Two Senate aides said that the new proposal, which had been the subject of tense negotiations since the rates doubled on July 1, would include both a cap on federal Stafford and PLUS loans and a relatively low interest rate pegged to Treasury notes. Undergraduates would pay the 10-year Treasury note rate, 2.49 percent on Wednesday, plus 2.05 percent, with a cap of 8.25 percent, to protect them from inflation. Graduate students would pay the 10-year Treasury rate plus 3.6 percent, with a cap of 9.5 percent.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/18/us/politics/senate-reaches-deal-to-end-fight-over-student-loan-interest-rates.html?_r=
0
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
When students speak, people
listen
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Gov. Christine Gregoire signs textbooks bill with WashPIRG students
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
THE OPPORTUNITY
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
(1) Textbook costs can be
solved immediately
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
(2) Technology makes it
possible to share
information freely** There is a cost, but it’s very very tiny
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Print On Demand
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
http://www.slugbooks.com
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Why are textbooks so
expensive, and what can we do
about it?
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
$1,207Average student budget for
books and supplies for 2013-2014 year
http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-2013-14
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
82%Increase of textbook prices
2002-2012
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-368
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-368
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
$8.8 billionAnnual size of the US
higher education textbook market
http://info.xplana.com/report/pdf/Xplana_Whitepaper_2011.pdf
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
“Broken Economics”
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How Students Save
Used Books
Rentals
E-Books
E-Readers
25%
61%
52%
39%
% Student Savings Over New Print Text
http://www.studentpirgs.org/reports/cover-cover-solution
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
2 in 5Students report they have
shared books with classmates to reduce costs
http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2010_fsts_report_01sep2011.pdf
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
1 in 3Students report
downloading course material from an
unauthorized website (up from 1 in 5 in 2010)
http://www.bisg.org/news-5-847-press-release-now-available-student-attitudes-toward-content-in-higher-education-volume-3.php
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
7 in 10Undergraduates skipped buying one or more texts
due to costhttp://www.studentpirgs.org/news/ap/high-prices-prevent-college-students-buying-assigned-textbooks
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1 in 3Students say at some point they earned a poor grade because they could not
afford to buy the textbookhttp://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
1 in 2Students say they have at some point taken fewer
courses due to the cost of textbooks
http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
You can’t learn from a textbook you can’t afford
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OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
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Open Educational Resources (OER) are textbooks and other
academic materials that are published online for everyone to use, adapt
and share freely
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Open Textbooks• Free, online, accessible to all
students starting day one of the course
• Available in many formats including online, PDF and print ($20-40)
• Openly licensed and adaptable by instructors
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Open LicenseAmends the default “All Rights
Reserved” terms of copyright to “Some Rights Reserved,” granting blanket permission in advance to
everyone to use the material
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Four “R’s” of Open
ReuseReviseRemix
Redistribute(With attribution to the author)
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Open Textbook (Example)
• Free online
• Free PDF
• Free ePub
• Print $49.73
• Instructor can adapt and distribute
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics
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http://www.bkstr.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?catalogId=10001&categoryId=9602&langId=-1&productId=4000000000002535744&storeId=216405&productStoreId=216405
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
~100”Professional grade”
open textbooks available for common college
courses
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Open Textbook Catalog
In an effort to reduce costs for students, the College of Education and Human Development has created this catalog of open textbooks to be
reviewed by faculty members. Read full press release
Open textbooks are complete textbooks released under a Creative Commons, or similar, license.
Instructors can customize open textbooks to fit their course needs by remixing, editing, and adding their own content. Students can access
free digital versions or purchase low-cost print copies of open textbooks.
http://open.umn.edu/
In an effort to reduce costs for students, the College of Education and Human Development has created this catalog of open textbooks to be reviewed by faculty members.
Open Textbook Catalog
http://open.umn.edu
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Open Textbook Development
• Individual Authors• Campus-funded projects• Government-funded projects• Start up publishers (both for
profit and non-profit)
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
80% / ~$100Students savings per
course when open textbooks used in place of
traditional
http://www.studentpirgs.org/reports/cover-cover-solution
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Studies show that the use of open textbooks
is correlated with higher grades and
retention rateshttp://www.eurodl.org/?p=current&article=533http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02680513.2012.716657http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1523
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
~$100MStudents savings
worldwide to date from the use of OER instead of
traditional materialshttp://openeducation2013.sched.org/event/90d9e1c479a944181f771f720ef967db
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
514,614Students in enrolled in
Big Ten Universities (incl. Maryland)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference (accessed 1/17/14)
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
$340,906,168 Spent per year on
textbooks (using the most conservative
estimate of $662)http://www.nacs.org/research/industrystatistics/higheredfactsfigures.aspx
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
$34,090,616Potential savings if each
student had just one course using an open textbook each year Assuming 8 courses per student and 80% savings
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
$136,362,467Saved over four years
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
How do we make this a
reality?
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
What Needs to Happen
• More “turn key” open textbooks: create new and improve existing
• More support for adoption: professional development, time buyouts…
• More awareness: most people don’t know what open textbooks are, we need to change that
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Invest Public Resources
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Invest Public Resources
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Invest Campus Resources
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Invest Campus Resources
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Invest Campus Resources
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Call for Action
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Call for Action
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Raise Awareness
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Raise Awareness
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Raise Awareness
[email protected] @txtbks
Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Raise Awareness
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Who Can Help• Faculty: consider adopting open
textbooks, potentially authoring open textbooks, and spreading the word to colleagues
• Libraries: support for curation, creation and adoption, and support for campus organizing
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Who Can Help• Institutions: provide resources
and support to faculty, leverage open textbooks to increase outcomes, competitiveness
• Lawmakers: policies that support (but never mandate) the creation and use of open textbooks
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Open textbooks can happen, but we need to make
them happen
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
THE CHALLENGE
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Save Students $100M by ABTS 2018
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Scholarly Publishing &Academic Resources Coalitionwww.sparc.arl.org
Nicole Allen [email protected]
Twitter: @txtbkshttp://sparc.arl.org/issues/oer