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Aspects related to the acquisition of a foreign language Sabri Liazid Abdelkader

Aspects Related to the Acquisition of a Foreign Language

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This is a Presentation about the most important aspects related to the acquisition of a Foreign Language.

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  • 1. The substantial improvement in the media along with the development and extension of ICT, have led to an increase in international relations without precedent. Therefore, in the XXI century must prepare students to live in an ever more international, multicultural and multilingual world. Learning a foreign language has to contribute to the development of positive and receptive attitudes towards other languages and cultures, and at the same time help to understand and assess our own language or languages.Researches showed that children who acquire a second language have increased ability in problem-solving and critical and creative thinking while also attaining higher levels of achievement in other subjects.

2. Non verbal communicationTeacher movement 3. MoTiVaTiOn 4. Formal language instruction in an academic setting.Interactions with the second language outside of the classroom. Pedagogical practices, strategies and methodologies which facilitate second language learning,Teaching the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading , writing with comprehension and thinking. 5. Input and interaction are very important factors in a foreign language acquisition. Foreign language acquisition can only take place when the learner has access to input in the target language. Teachers can provide comprehensible input in their instructional delivery coupled with opportunities for interactions.Language emerges just when learners understand the messages they receiveKrashen (1985) comprehensible input hypothesis. 6. Listening Teacher as a modelStrategies for listening: They can be classified on how the listener processes the input: Top-down strategies: Listening for the main idea Predicting Drawing inferences Summarizing. Bottom-up strategies: Listening for specific details Recognizing cognates Recognizing word-order patterns. 7. Listening implies many things 8. To obtain input and opportunities of communication access.InteractionTo develop grammar and discourse which are inside the communicative competence.Researches state that in order to acquire a communicative competence in a Foreign Language, just about one thousand words and phrases approximately the active vocabulary people seem to use daily- are needed. Strategies for SpeakingSpeaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information (Brown, 1994; Burns & Joyce, 1997)Using minimal response Recognizing scripts Using language to talk about language 9. Oral drills Dialogue memorization Oral games for directives and questionsPre-communicative phaseSymbol Dictation Things to use: Role cards Brainstorm Small groups Time for preparation Etc.RecordingsDiscussionsPicture games Narrative and speeches Simulations and role playsCommunicative activities for fluency 10. Reading is an ability so fundamental on our societies that it should be encouraged on a regular basis in and out of class. However, the biggest enemy to successful reading Is the lack of motivation. So, the selection of appropriate texts and activities is critical. Richard Anderson and the Commission on Reading define reading as the process of constructing meaning from written texts, 11. Reading aloud Styles of Reading Silent readingStrategies that can help students read more quickly and effectively include: Previewing Predicting Skimming and scanning Guessing from context ParaphrasingReading must be playfulSome important questions after reading: How fluently did you read it? How accurately? How much did you understand? How confident would you be about reading in front of forty people and the teacher? 12. Writing competence in a foreign language tends to be one of the most difficult skills to acquire. Writing is a way of discovering ideas as well as a way of expressing them. Therefore, few writers are able to make their ideas and words work together perfectly on the first try. Techniques: Pre-writing techniques. Organization techniques While writing techniques Editing techniques Responding techniques.Writing Activities: 1. Controlled 2. Guided 3. Free 13. Tips for teachers to achieve the objectives of their students: Use the FL in class as the main language for communication Use gestures, actions, and pictures to help children understand. Children often need to talk in order to learn. Let the children use their mother tongue for communication, especially to start with. Recast in the FL what children say to you in their mother tongue. Answer children in the FL as much as possible. 14. The more FL the children hear, the more they will learn. They will learn gradually. They wont say everything perfectly to start with. Encourage them by responding positevely. A simple greeting, a question or a command and their respective verbal and physical answers are enough to make learners active participants in a simple conversation. 15. Teaching primary students Aspects to take into account Students are learning to read and write in their own language. They are developing as thinkers Understand the difference between the real and the imaginary. Can plan and organize how best to carry out an activity. Can work with others and learn from others. Can be reliable and take responsibility for class activities and routines.As teachers we should do o Encourage them to read in the foreign language (stories, comics, reading games) o Encourage them to work meanings out for themselves. o Explain things about language, but only very simple things. o Use a wider range of language input as their model for language use. o Encourage creative writing and help them to experiment. 16. ICT in the teaching of foreign language 17. 4 BlocksOral languageWritten languageThe constituent elements of the linguistic system, their functioning and relationships.The social and cultural dimension of the foreign language. 18. The end