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Argumentative Structure
5 Parts 5 Parts NOT 5 ParagraphsNOT 5 Paragraphs
Part 1: Introduction
2. Background Info
What needs to be defined?
What needs to be reviewed?
What needs to be clarified?
3. Confirmation
What supports my argument?
This constitutes several paragraphs with evidence and warrants.
4. Refutation
What will skeptics say and how will I refute these views?
This may be woven into confirmation paragraphs or as separate ones.
5. Conclusion
What are the benefits or implications of accepting my argument?
May be a call to actionMay be an effect
The Parts of an ArgumentThe Parts of an Argument
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION(Hook, Map, Thesis)
BACKGROUND INFORMATIONBACKGROUND INFORMATION(Define, Clarify, Review)
CONFIRMATIONCONFIRMATION(Paragraphing support with evidence and warrants)
REFUTATIONREFUTATION(Counterclaims and Rebuttals)
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION(Benefits, Implications, Call to Action)
Work Cited
Adapted from Salazar, Ray. "Stop Boring
Students (and Yourself) with Five-
Paragraph Essays." Michigan
Reading Association Annual
Conference. Grand Rapids, MI. 9
Mar. 2013. Breakout Session.