APPLICATION FOR THE DESIGN OF HOT – HUMID CLIMATE

AKSHAY JASANI153551050002

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Main points to be considered while constructing a building.

- Provide maximum ventilation and free air movement by large openings.

- Provide maximum shading of direct and diffuse solar radiation.

- Avoid heat storage.

- Use reflective outer surfaces.

- Use ventilated double roofs.

- Use vegetation to moderate the solar impact.

- SOLAR AVOIDANCE: large roofs with overhangs that shade walls and to allow windows open

at all times

- USE LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS that do not hold heat and that will not promote condensation

and dampness.

• eliminate basements and concrete

• use STACK EFFECT to ventilate through high spaces

• use of COURTYARDS and semi-enclosed outside spaces

• use WATER FEATURES for cooling.

Ventilation.

- Catch the breeze: Locate on a hill or raise above the ground, at a 20°- 40° angle to the

prevailing breezes.

- Don't block the breeze: Spaces buildings out, and add breezeways in them. Build 18 m

downwind from a 3 m height building to allow breezes in.

- Make rooms breezy: Each room needs 2 exterior walls, with many windows or vents,

including low openings. Verandahs with outside stairs obstruct breezes much less than interior

halls.

- Make outdoor areas breezy: Keep them open to warmer season breezes, and if possible

protected from storm and cool season winds.

- Screen porches or verandahs to allow openings to unscreened windows in the center of the

building.

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Shading

- Keep sunlight off of building walls: try to face the long sides (with most of the windows) towards the south and north so the roof overhang shades walls.

- Shade in the afternoon: Keep west and east sides short to let less of the hot.

- High ceilings let hot air rise above the people so the room feels cooler to its occupants.

- Use white or light colors that stay cooler on sunny walls, roof, and pavement.

- Cover openings on west and east ends. Use few windows and doors. For openings use vertical sunscreens, climbing vines, or shrubs to reduce heat gain on western walls.

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Sun Orientation- Settlements should be placed preferably on southern or northern slopes.

Wind OrientationIdeal sites are windward slopes near the crest or near the beach, where regular winds exist. The ventilation effect of winds can be improved by effective arrangement of vegetation.

Landscaping with vegetation

- An unshaded pavements should be avoided as far as possible and air should not be allowed to pass over such hot surfaces before reaching buildings.

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Street Space formed by trees.

- Landscaping with vegetation An unshaded pavement exposed to the sun heats up and can reach very high temperatures. A vegetal cover of the ground, however, keeps it comparatively cool and contributes much to a cooler outdoor microclimate.

Cross Ventilation.

- The high humidity and warm temperatures require maximum ventilation, which leads to very open buildings.- Free passage of air for cross-ventilation through the interior is important.

- Single-banked rooms with access from open verandahs or galleries.

For a better ventilation houses are best built on stilts or at least on raised platforms.

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Opening Louvers Design.

A difficult problem is the design of large openings which at the same time protect from driving rain.Ordinary louvres direct the wind upwards above body level. Furthermore they are not safe against driving rain.

Modified louvres keep the wind at lower level (living area) and provide protection from driving rain, but reduce the airflow to a certain extent.

Another alternative is the use of a second set of louvres to direct the air down to the occupants.

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