APA STYLE OVERVIEW

What is self-plagiarism?

What is plagiarism? How can you avoid plagiarism?

What is the difference between paraphrasing and using direct quotations?

In your paper, you will be using parenthetical citations and in-text citations.

In-text citation: Creswell (2012) highlights that in an emerging design approach, data are analyzed immediately after being collected rather than waiting until all data are collected.

Parenthetical citation: In an emerging design approach, data are analyzed immediately after being collected rather than waiting until all data are collected (Creswell, 2012).

DIRECT QUOTATIONS

When you include direct quotations you should always have the author, year, and specific page number or paragraph number in the text.

Example 1: While innovations in research have led to new

definitions of the stress concept, based on its earliest foundations stress may be defined as “the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it” (Selye, 1976, p. 14).

Example 2: Selye (1976) suggested that stress should be

described as “the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it” (p. 14), thereby contributing to the literature on stress.

If the quotation is 40 or more words it should be a block quotation.

Example: Jones's (1998) study found the following: Students

often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time citing sources. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many students failed to  purchase a style manual or to ask their teacher for help. (p. 199)

Note: it should be double-spaced and should not have double quotation marks.

ATTRIBUTING AN ASSERTION TO MULTIPLE SOURCES

Parenthetical:

Mental illness in higher education is receiving growing awareness in the research community due to its increasing prevalence and negative effects on students (Eisenberg, Gollust, Golberstein, & Hefner, 2007; Hysenbegasi, Hass, Rowland, 2005; Kadison, 2004; Zivin, Eisenberg, Gollust, & Golberstein, 2009).

In-text:

Cox (1978) and Lazarus (1966) on the other hand, highlight the role of the individual in determining whether a situation is considered stressful and how the individual will respond to the stressor.

REFERENCES Your references should start on a new page

Only citations that appear in your paper should be included in your references

Also, make sure that everything cited in-text is included on the reference page!

References are all double spaced, flush left with subsequent lines indented 5 spaces

Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work

PERIODICAL

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year). Title of article. Title of periodical, vol(I), pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxx

Eisenberg, D., Downs, M. F., Golberstein, E., & Zivin, K. (2009). Stigma and help seeking for mental health among college students. Medical Care Research and Review, 66(5), 522-541. doi:10.1177/1077558709335173

If no doi is assigned use:

Retrieved from http://www.xxxxxx homepage URL to journal, newsletter, magazine

BookMarshall, H. (2009). Best book ever. New York,

NY: Publisher House.

Chapter in an edited bookTimmerman, B. (2009). Best chapter ever. In H.

Marshall (Ed.), Best book ever (pp. 14–27). New York, NY: Publisher House.

SPACING

Double space or single space after the end of sentence, but be consistent.

Use just one space after each punctuation mark in the reference list.

Double space your entire manuscript. Double space the body of the paper including

block quotes. Double space the reference list.