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An Introduction to Openness in Online Learning. Presented at the Nadeosa Conference, 24-25 July, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
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An Introduction to Openness in Learning
in a Digital Age Greig Krull
24 July 2014
The Open Education Movement
Open Learning
Open Educational Resources
MOOCs
Open Source Software in Education
Open Access
Discussion
Outline
• Open learning• Open access• Open education
practice• Open educational
resources• Open licensing• Open source• Open data
Open Sourxe.com CC-BY-SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/5535034664/ Adapted from Czerniewicz (2012) CC-BY-SA
Openness???
What does Openness mean?
• Reuse the content in its unaltered formReuse
• Adapt, adjust, modify, or alter the content Revise
• Combine original or revised content with other content to create something newRemix
• Make and share copies of the original content, revisions, or remixes with othersRedistribute
Why the need for openness?
Equal Right to Participate
Sharing
The rise of Openness…
“The real revolution is that universities, with scarcity at the heart of their business models, are embracing openness”
Sir John Daniel (2012)
What is Open Learning?
JISC CC-BY-NC-ND http://www.jisc.ac.uk/events
• Remove barriers to learning• Provide students reasonable
chance for success• Centred on learner needs• Flexibility and choice over
what, when, where and how they learn
Principles for Open Learning
Saide (2012) [CC-BY]
Opportunities and capacity for lifelong learning Learner-centred
Active engagement leading to independent and critical
thinking
Flexible provision: Learners increasingly determine where, when, what and
how they learn
Recognise prior learning and experience
Conditions for fair chance of learner success through
learner support, contextually appropriate
resources and sound pedagogical practices
Open Educational Resources (OER)
“Educational materials and resources offered freely and openly for anyone to use and − under some licenses − to
remix, improve and redistribute”
OER examples include textbooks, videos, podcasts, simulations,
websites, course materials and more
Open Licenses
Open licenses allow you to copy and distribute material, without requiring payment or permission
A Spectrum of Licenses
Mathieu Plourde CC-BY https://www.flickr.com/photos/mathplourde/10425003764/
What are MOOCs?
Introduce fields and support for undergraduates
Develop skills and introduce topics for postgraduates
Special interest topics for postgraduates
Continuing education and qualifications
Introduce topics with high-profile presenters
Deacon, A, Small, J and Walji, S (2014) [CC-BY-SA]
Course Landscape in Higher Education
Deacon, A, Small, J and Walji, S (2014) [CC-BY-SA]
MOOC Platforms
Free and Open Source Software
• Software distributed along with its source code
• Able to use and/or modify the design
• Low-cost technology option
• Opportunities for education
opensource.com [CC-BY-SA] https://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/4624425596/
Platforms
RSS
Content Curation
Discussion Groups
Blog and Microblog
Social Networks
Multi-media Sharing
Virtual Meeting Rooms
Free and Open Source Tools
Adapted from: Cavazza, Social Media Landscape [CC-BY-NC-SA] http://www.flickr.com/photos/fredcavazza/2564571564/
Open Access
• Rising prices of academic journals have meant some too expensive to access
• Open Access: articles that are freely and openly available for reading, reviewing and distributing derivative works
Questions for Reflection…
1. Do you have a plan or strategy for open education?
JISC CC-BY-NC-ND http://www.jisc.ac.uk/content/resources
2. Do you have a plan or strategy for learning technologies or new methods of delivery?
Fryer CC-BY http://www.flickr.com/photos/wfryer/7842702898/
3. What kind of teachers should we be when learning is mostly open and online?
Vanguard Visions [CC-BY] https://www.flickr.com/photos/77018488@N03/9315194075/
Thank You!
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
greigk_za
Greig Krull
References
• Bates, T and Sangra, A (2011) Managing Technology in Higher Education: Strategies for Transforming Teaching and Learning. John Wiley & Sons.
• Butcher, N and Hoosen, S (2014). A Guide to Quality in Post-Traditional Online Higher Education. Academic Partnerships [CC-BY-SA]
• Czerniewicz, L. 2012. Open Education: Why it matters to South Africa• Daniel, J (2012). Making Sense of MOOCs: Musings in a Maze of Myth, Paradox and
Possibility. Journal of Interactive Media in Education. [CC-BY]• Deacon, A, Small, J and Walji, S (2014). Developing World MOOCs: A workshop on
MOOCs in Africa. e/merge Africa. [CC-BY-SA] • Saide (2012). Empowering Learners through Open Learning. [CC-BY]
http://www.saide.org.za/11-open-learning