American education system nursheha finale

The American School System 1

AMERICAN EDUCATION

SYSTEMNURSHEHA BINTI MOHD HADZRI

2013780645EDM 704

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Overview• Preschool• Elementary

education• Secondary education• Higher education• Comparison to

Germany and the UK education

• Education Fees • Comparison to

Malaysia Education System


Education System U.S.A


The difference between private and public schools

Private school Public school

• Tuition fees or scholarship

• 10 % of all students• Select their students• Uniforms

• Financed by taxes• Supported by funding• Majority of students• Some have dress

codes


Preschool (Nursery School)• Usually between the ages of three

and five• Education before the age of six• To develop children through planned

programs

• Social competence (playgroups / sharing etc.)

• Listening skills• Several activities (painting, educational

games etc.)

What do children learn in Preschools?

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Elementary Education• Primary school

- Provides instructions in skills of mathematics, reading, basic grammar, social studies, geography etc.

• Elementary school- First year: kindergarten- From 5/6 to 11 years - 1st grade to 6th grade

The American School System

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Junior High School • Includes seventh, eighth and ninth grade• More independence• Compulsory subjects: Science, mathematics,

social sciences, physical education• Electives• Extracurricular activities


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Senior High School• Built around 1960 in USA• Originated in Scotland:

Edinburgh’s Royal High school 1505

• Prepares young people for the adult world

• Final four years (9 up to 12)



How a High School works

• School attendance: until graduation or age of 16

• Full-time school• Begins in late august or early September • Ends in late may or early June• 36 weeks a year• Strict discipline during class time• Possibility to have lunch in school• Extracurricular activities• Graduation• High school diploma



Extracurricular Activities

• Performed by students outside the normal curriculum

• Voluntary• Usually organized by students• First appearance in the 19th century• First activity: literary societies (Harvard & Yale)


Extracurricular Activities

• Sportso American Footballo Soccero Baseballo Swimmingo Cheerleadingo Basketball etc.

• Clubso Theater clubo Debating societyo Choiro Band etc.


Homeschooling

• Approx. 1.5 million children (2.9 %)• Moral or religious reasons• Dissatisfaction with academic

instruction • Effective teaching; individual• To avoid negative social pressure


High School Names• Prominent names

o Kennedy High SchooloCanyon High SchooloBen Franklin High School


Types of High Schools

• Can be sub classed ino Magnet High Schoolo College preparatory High Schoolo Special High School

• Offer classes for advanced students• General education for average students• Remedial courses for those who are struggling

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Overview: Higher Education


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Higher Education• 30/45 highest-ranked institutions in the U.S• Undergraduate: e.g. BA• (Post)graduate: e.g. MA, Ph.D.


• More than 4,400 universities and colleges

• Decentralized system • Public universities administered by

individual States

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Higher Education: General Information

• University & college

• Institute (e.g. MIT)

• Union (e.g. Cooper Union)

• School (e.g. Julliard School)

• Academy (e.g. United States

Military Academy)

• Conservatory (e.g. New England

Conservatory)


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“College” versus “University”: Etymology• Collegium: club/ society under a common set of

rules• Universitas magistrorum et scholarium:

community of teachers and scholars


• Degree-awarding tertiary educational institution

• Institution within a university

• Vocational School

• Secondary School

“College” in English-Speaking Countries

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Two-Year College• Associate’s degree• Before 1970, all “junior colleges”• Today:

o “junior colleges” = private o “community colleges” = public

(students of local community, with supports)


Four-Year College• Bachelor’s degree:

o Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)

o Bachelor of Science (B.S.)

• Curriculum on liberal arts (versus vocational): “liberal arts

colleges”

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Vocational School• Also called “trade/ career school” or

VET (Vocational Educational Training) • Skills for a particular job• Training, not education


Residential College• e.g. Oxford, Harvard

• In the U.S.: housing system

• In the UK: both academic and residential

functions


University• Undergraduate and graduate education• Core: undergraduate colleges with liberal arts

curriculum => bachelor’s degree

• Graduate schools (both teaching and research)• Divided in colleges/ schools/ faculties (e.g. School of

Law)

• Some universities = “colleges” (historical reasons)• Different use of the terms among states• Example: Georgia, 1996:

o 4-year institutions (“colleges”) => “universities”o “vocational technology schools” => “technical

colleges”

But…

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Acronyms you should know…

• B.A. = Bachelor of Arts / M.A. = Master of Arts• B.S. = Bachelor of Science / M.S. = Master of

Science• M.B.A. = Master of Business Administration• M.F.A. = Master of Fine Arts• Ph.D. = Doctor of Philosophy (Philosophiae

Doctor)• M.D. = Doctor of Medicine (Medicinae Doctor)• D.V.M. = Doctor of Veterinary Medicine • Phar.D.. = Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharmaciae

Doctor)• J.D. = Doctor of Law (Juris Doctor)The American School System

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Tuition Fees• Charged almost everywhere, except:o5 federally sponsored service

academies;ofew tuition-free institution (e.g.

Webb Institute)• Lower at public universities

(subsidies) • Cheaper for local students• Scholarships, student loans or grants



Tuition fees

Most Prestigious Universities


Harvard

University• Cambridge,

Massachusetts • since 1639• 2011-12:

o $ 36,305 for tuition o $ 52,652 for tuition,

room, board and fees combined

Princeton University

• Princeton, New Jersey

• Since 1746• 2012-13:

o $ 38,650 for tuition

o $ 54,780 in total

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Overview:Comparison to Germany and the UK


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USA – Germany



Education in the United Kingdom

A-Level

First School

Middle School

Upper SchoolGCSE

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Grades


Percentage Letter Numerical

90%–100% A 4.0

80%–89% B 3.0

70%–79% C 2.0

60%–69% D 1.0

59% and below E / F 0.0

Chromatic variants, represented by + and −, are commonly used. They are usually represented as being 0.3 higher and lower than the normal. (e.g., B = 3.0, B+ = 3.3, B− = 2.7)

Academic grading in the United States


USA Average: 12.000 –

16.000 US$ p.a. Range:2.000 US$

(community college)

up to 40.000 US$ (most prestigious universities) p.a.

UK Scotland:

£2700 for 4 years England, Northern

Ireland and Wales: up to £ 9.000 p.a

(effective since 2012)

Germany No tuition fees in

most States In Bavaria, Baden-

Württemberg and Lower Saxony:

Up to 1000 Euro p.a.:

Tuition Fees

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Postgraduate Tuition Fee(Master)



In Malaysia, primary education and secondary education make up 11 years of free education.

Malaysia Education System

The admission age to the first of primary education is seven. Primary schooling is mandatory to all children between the ages of 7 and 12.

Students sit for common public examinations at the end of primary, lower secondary and upper secondary levels.




While in United States of America (USA), US children enter the schooling system at the age five.

The ninth, through twelfth grades, are most commonly referred to as high school. Upon completion of twelfth grade (aged 17-18), American students are awarded a certificate called the high school diploma.

The first year at school is called kindergarten. It is required of all American children enrolled in the America education system. The second year at school is considered the first year of primary school and is referred to as first grade.

Upon completion of fifth grade (the last year of primary school at age 10-11), American children then advance to secondary school. Secondary school most commonly consists of a total of seven years, referred to as sixth through twelfth grades

In the American education system, students must obtain a high school diploma before they are admitted into college or university.

American Education System


REFFERENCES:

1. Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States

2. Wikipediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Malaysia

3. Blog:Studymode by Faizmailhttp://www.studymode.com/essays/The-Comparison-Between-Education-System-In-48898074.html

4. Journal article: Problems Facing American Educationhttp://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Boyer,%20Ashley%20Problems%20Facing%20American%20Education.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Malaysia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Malaysia

http://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Boyer,%20Ashley%20Problems%20Facing%20American%20Education.pdf

http://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Boyer,%20Ashley%20Problems%20Facing%20American%20Education.pdf


SHARING PART

OPINION

Q & A