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Alternatin current history and producing
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Alper GÜNEREN - 2010512022Uğur KARAALİ - 2010512026
1
OBJECTIVES
SHORT HISTORY
GENERATION
CIRCUITS
2ALTERNATING CURRENT
HISTORY OF ALTERNATING CURRENT
ALTERNATING CURRENT 3
William Stanley, Jr. designed one of the first practical devices
to transfer AC power efficiently between isolated circuits.
The AC power system used today developed rapidly after 1886,
and included contributions by Nikola Tesla and Carl Wilhelm Siemens.
WHAT IS ALTERNATING CURRENT ?
ALTERNATING CURRENT 4
Alternating current electricity is the type of electricity commonly used
in homes and businesses throughout the world.
AC electricity is created by an AC electric generator, which determines
the frequency.
An AC waveform can be sinusoidal, square, or sawtooth-shaped.
Some AC waveforms are irregular or complicated.
ALTERNATING CURRENT 5
Alternating current flows first in one direction and then in the other
direction.
ADVANTAGES
ALTERNATING CURRENT 6
The single greatest advantage of alternating current is that AC current
can be transformed and DC current cannot be transformed.
It can be controlled by a wide range of components
eg.resistors,capacitors and inductors.
This allows high-voltage electrical power to be distributed with smaller
wires and lower amperage.
HOW TO GENERATED ?
ALTERNATING CURRENT 7
DIRECT ALTERNATING
ALTERNATING CURRENT 8
RMS VALUES
ALTERNATING CURRENT 9
Since voltage and current are always changing we need some way of
averaging out their effect.
We use r.m.s values (root-mean-square)
The r.m.s values are the DC values which give the same average
power output
ALTERNATING CURRENT 10
AC IN CAPACITORS
ALTERNATING CURRENT 11
In an AC circuit, the current can continue to flow, as the plates become alternately charged positively and negatively
For both AC and DC circuits, the voltage across the resistor is related to the current by V=I.R
A similar relationship exists for a capacitor:
REACTANCE
ALTERNATING CURRENT 12
Reactance is a measure of how a capacitor can limit alternating
current.
It is similar to resistance but differs in that it is dependent on the
frequency of the ac supply.
It also depends on the size of the capacitor.
IMPEDANCE
ALTERNATING CURRENT 13
AC IN INDUCTORS
ALTERNATING CURRENT 14
.In an AC circuit, the current is always changing so the inductor is always producing an
opposing voltage so is always limiting the amount of current that can flow
For both AC and DC circuits, the voltage across the resistor is related to the current by V=IR
A similar relationship exists for an inductor
REACTANCE
ALTERNATING CURRENT 15
It measures how well an inductor can limit alternating current
It depends on the frequency of the ac supply.
It depends on the size of the inductor
IMPEDANCE
ALTERNATING CURRENT 16
PHASE RELATIONSHIP
ALTERNATING CURRENT 17
The current in the circuit will always be in phase with VR
ALTERNATING CURRENT 18
The voltage phasors are not necessarily the same size, but are always
90°out of phase.
ALTERNATING CURRENT 19
Again the voltages may be different sizes but will always be 90° out of
phase
RLC CIRCUITS
ALTERNATING CURRENT 20
The supply voltage is now found
by adding all 3 phasors together.
(VL and VC are combined into
one first)
RESONANCE
ALTERNATING CURRENT 21
At resonance, VL=VC and they cancel each
other out. So VS=VR and if VR is at max then
I is at max.
REFERENCES
ALTERNATING CURRENT 22
• http://www.teachersdomain.org
• http://www.peetvs.co.za
• http://www.sjsu.edu
• http://www.youtube.com
• http://www.wikipedia.com
• http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca
• NCEA A.S 3.6 Text Chapters 18-19
• Yrd. Doç. Dr. Levent Çetin/ alternatif akım
THANKS FOR LISTENING...
ALTERNATING CURRENT END