Affixation (lm 1009) Technical English

AFFIXATION (LM-1009) Technical EnglishDr. Gilberto Hernández and Dr. Alberto Delgado Álvarez

1Educational material created and customized by Professors Dr. Gilberto Hernández and Dr. Alberto Delgado for SIPOC-UCR. 2010

Definition • Affixation is the morphological process whereby an affix is attached to a root or stem.

– Affix: an affix is a bound morpheme that is joined before, after, or within a root or stem.

• Root: a root is the portion of a word that is common to a set of derived or inflected forms, if any, when all affixes are removed

• is not further analyzable into meaningful elements, being morphologically simple, and • carries the principle portion of meaning of the words in which it functions.

• Stem: A stem is the root or roots of a word, together with any derivational affixes, to which inflectional affixes are added.

• 2Educational material created and customized by Professors Dr. Gilberto Hernández and Dr. Alberto Delgado for SIPOC-UCR. 2010

PREFIX LIST 1PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLE

A-, AN WITHOUT AMORAL, ASEXUAL, APOLITICAL

ANTE- BEFORE ANTECEDENT

ANTI- AGAINST ANTICLIMAX, ANTITERRORIST

AUTO- SELF AUTOPILOT, AUTOMATIC

CIRCUM- AROUND CIRCUMVENT

CO- WITH COPILOT, COWORKER

COM-, CON- WITH COMPANION, CONTACT

CONTRA- AGAINST CONTRADICT

DE- OFF, AWAY FROM

DEVALUATE


PREFIX LIST 2PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLEDIS- NOT DISAPPEAR

EN- PUT INTO ENCLOSE

EX OUT OF, FORMER EXTRACT, EX-PRESIDENT

EXTRA- BEYOND, MORE THAN EXTRACURRICULAR

HETERO- DIFFERENT HETEROSEXUAL

HOMO- SAME HOMONYM

HYPER- OVER, MORE HYPERACTIVE

IL-, IM-, IN-, IR NOT, WITHOUT ILLEGAL, IMMORAL, INCONSIDERATE, IRRESPONSIBLE

IN- INTO INSERT



INTER- BETWEEN INTERSECT

INTRA- BETWEEN INTRAVENOUS

MACRO- LARGE MACROECONOMICS

MICRO- SMALL MICROSCOPE

MONO- ONE MONOLINGUAL

NON- NOT, WITHOUT NON-SMOKING

OMNI- ALL, EVERY OMNISCIENT

POST- AFTER POSTMORTEM

PRE-; PRO- BEFORE, FORWARD PRECEDE, PROJECT



SUB- UNDER SUBMARINE

SYN- SAME TIME SYNCHRONIZE

TRANS- ACROSS TRANSMIT

TRI- THREE TRICYCLE

BI- TWO BICOLOR, BINATIONAL, BISEXUAL

UN- NOT UNFINISHED

UNI- ONE UNICORN

SUPER- THE GREATEST SUPERMARKET, SUPERHERO, SUPEREGO

MEGA MILLION MEGAPHONE, MEGABYTE


SUFFIX LIST 1PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLE

-ABLE CAPABLE OF (ADJECTIVE SUFFIX)

PORTALBE – ABLE TO BE CARRIED LEGIBLE – ABLE TO BE READ

-ACIOUS, -ICIOUS FULL OF AUDACIOUS – FULL OF DARING AVARICIOUS – FULL OF GREED

-AL PERTAINING TO MANIACAL – INSANE / PORTAL – DOORWAYLOGICAL – PERTAINING TO LOGIC

-ANT, -ENT FULL OF ELOQUENT – PERTAINING TO FLUID, EFFECTIVE SPEECH / VERDANT – GREEN

-ARY LIKE, CONNECTED WITH DICTIONARY, HONORARY

-ATE TO MAKE (VERB SUFFIX) MITIGATE

-ATION STATE OF BEING (NOUN SUFFIX)

IRRITATION

-CY STATE OF BEING DEMOCRACY, OBSTINACY

-EER, -ER, -OR PERSON WHO (NOUN SUFFIX)

MOUNTANEER, TEACHER, ADVISOR


SUFFIX LIST 2SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLE

-ESCENT BECOMING (adjective suffix) EVANESCENT, PUBESCENT

-FIC MAKING, DOING (adjective suffic) MAGNIFIC, TERRIFIC

-FY TO MAKE (verb suffix) MAGNIFY, PETRIFY

-IL, -ILE PERTAINING TO, CAPABLE OF (noun suffix)

CIVIL, DOCILE

-IFEROUS PRODUCING, BEARING (adjective suffex)

PESTIFEROUS, VOCIFERIOUS

-ISM DOCTRINE, BELIEF (noun suffix) MONOTHEISM, SOCIALISM

-IST DEALER, DOER (noun suffix) REALIST, DENTIST

-IVE LIKE (adjective suffix) QUANTITATIVE

-IZE, -ISE TO MAKE (verb suffix) HARMONIZE, REVOLUTIONIZE

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Educational material created and customized by Professors Dr. Gilberto

Hernández and Dr. Alberto Delgado for SIPOC-UCR. 2010

SUFFIX LIST 3SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLE

-OID RESEMBLING, LIKE (adjective suffix)

OVOID – like an eggANTHROPOID – resembling a human

-OSE FULL OF (adjective suffix) VERBOSE – full of words

-OSIS CONDITION (noun suffix) SYCHOSIS – diseased mental conditionHYPNOSIS – induced sleep

-OUS FULL OF (adjective suffix) NAUSEOUS – full of nauseaLUDICROUS – foolish

-TUDE STATE OF (noun suffix) FORTITUDE – state of strengthCERTITUDE – state of certainly

9

Educational material created and customized by Professors Dr. Gilberto

Hernández and Dr. Alberto Delgado for SIPOC-UCR. 2010

COMPOUND WORDS list 1 http://www.learningdifferences.com/Main%20Page/Topics/Compound%20Word

%20Lists/Compound_Word_%20Lists_complete.htm

EARTHQUAKE HEADACHE EARACHE EVERGREEN

EYEGLASSES BREAKFAST FIREFIGHTER FOOTBALL

GRANDMOTHER HANDOUT FEEDBACK HEADSET

HIGHLIGHT HOMESICK HONEYMOON INFUSE

KEYBOARD LIFEGUARD MAILMAN MARYLAND

NETWORK NEWSPAPER NOTEBOOK OAKLAND

OUTBOUND OUTPUT INPUT OUTFIT

OVERDRESS ANYMORE FORMAT SUPEREGO

FORESEE DISHWASHER SIDEWALK HANDMADE

CHEESEBURGER BELLBOY EYEWITNESS TIMEKEEPER10Educational material created and customized by Professors Dr. Gilberto Hernández and Dr. Alberto Delgado for SIPOC-

UCR. 2010

COMPOUND WORDS list 2SNAKESKIN PLAYBOY AIRCRAFT MAINLAND

RAINDROP FIREBOMB WASTELAND LANDFILL

SETBACK UPTAKE DOWNLOAD UPLOAD

FISHPOND UPDATE WATERMELON UPDATE

UPGRADE FRIENDSHIP DAYTIME UPBEAT

BLACKBERRY HOWEVER LIFELONG FOREHEAD

THUNDERSTORM SPOKESPERSON WIDESPREAD AFTERNOON

MEANWHILE NOBODY EVERYBODY SOMEBODY

ALSO HEREIN EVERYTHING FURTHERMORE

TOGETHER BECOME PASSPORT FOOTPRINTS11Educational material created and customized by Professors Dr. Gilberto Hernández and Dr. Alberto Delgado for SIPOC-UCR.

2010

ROOTS AND AFFIXATION SAMPLES

• ACT– ACTS– ACTING– ACTOR– ACTED– ACTORS– ACTIVE– INACTIVE– INTERACTIVE– INTERACTIONAL– INTERACTED– INTERACTING

• SPEAK– SPEAKS– SPEAKER– SPEAKERS– SPEAKING– SPOKE– SPOKEN– SPOKESWOMAN– SPOKESMAN– SPOKESPERSON– UNSPEAK /UNSPEAKING/UNSPOKE/UNSPOKEN


Suggested sites to practice Affixation

• http://www.betterendings.org/homeschool/Words/Root%20Words.htm#SUFFIXES_

• http://www.virtualsalt.com/roots.htm

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/skillswise/words/spelling/wordbuilding/rootwords/quiz.shtml• • http://www.esl-galaxy.com/prefixsuffix.html


http://www.betterendings.org/homeschool/Words/Root%20Words.htm

http://www.virtualsalt.com/roots.htm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/skillswise/words/spelling/wordbuilding/rootwords/quiz.shtml

http://www.esl-galaxy.com/prefixsuffix.html

http://www.esl-galaxy.com/prefixsuffix.html

Thank You!

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