EBy: Muhammad Syahruddin Nawir, Rasynal Tenri Sanna

Israkwaty, Putri Purnawati, Moeh. ZaInal KhairulEnglish Language Studies - Hasanuddin University

Adjective is a good starting point for trying to understand word meaning.

OVERVIEW

Using language to give the meaning of words

Sense relations relevant to adjectives

Constructions with adjectives

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Using language to give the meaning of words

Much – large in quantity

Large – ample in extent

Ample – large in extent

Short – not long, not tall

Little – small, not big

Small – little in size

Big – large in size

Tiny – very small

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Using language to give the meaning of words

Sense relations relevant to adjectives

Constructions with adjectives

Ant Ent Vid

When a single word in a sentence is replaced by a synonym then the literal meaning of the sentence is not changed.

SYNONYM

example

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Sentence with the same meaning are called

paraphrases

a. You said Andy is cheeky, so that means he is impudent b. You said Andy is impudent, so that means he is cheeky

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COMPLEMENTARIES(absolute antonym)

A pair of words with opposite meanings where there is no middle ground and there are only two possibilities, either one or the other is called “complementaries”

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ANTONYM(graded antonym)

Antonym means any kind of oppositeness. It is one of a pair of words with opposite meanings where the two meanings there is middle ground between them.

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CONVERSES(relational antonym)

The comparative forms of an antonym pair have an interesting sense relation between them, called converses.

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MEANING POSTULATES

Meaning postulate is a way of integrating into logical systems the entailment information that comes from word meaning.

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Using language to give the meaning of words

Sense relations relevant to adjectives

Constructions with adjectives

Ant Ent Vid

GRADIBILITY

When the language has ways of expressing different levels or degrees of the qualities is called gradability(comperative & superlative)

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ADJECTIVES MODIFYING NOUN

Adjectives as modifier of noun. “Modify” means “change a little”. An adjective changes the meaning of noun by giving more information about it.

example

Redadjective

Red bicycles

Bicyclesnoun

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Sense relation that holds between the meaning of set of words can be larger than pairs.

example

A yellow

rock

BlackBlue

BrownGreenYellowOrange

RedPinkGrey

Set 1

CircularTriangular

rectangular

Set 2Previous Current

Next

Set 3

LARGER SETS THAN PAIRS

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