ACCIDENT SEQUENCE, HUMAN FACTORS

The Accident Sequence: “Five Dominoes”

1. The background of the worker;2. The reasons why the worker

commits unsafe acts;3. The unsafe acts itself;4. The accident5. Injury or damage or both the

first two pertain human factors in an accident.

DOMINO ONE:Individual

Differences

Heredity:Environment:Interplay of Heredity, Environment and Individual

DOMINO TWO: Why Workers

Commit Unsafe Acts

1.The worker does not know the proper thing to do.

2.The worker does not want to perform the job the safe recommended way.

3.The worker does not care about his own safety.

4.The worker is in hurry.5. The worker wants to

show-off to his fellow workers.

6. The workers have emotional problems.

7. The worker is physically unfit to do his job.

DOMINO THREE:

Unsafe Acts

Three main cause of Accident

Ö Unsafe ActsÖ Unsafe conditionsÖ Occurrences beyond

human control

Ö Unsafe Acts

Ö Unsafe conditions

1.Operating without authority, failure to secure or warn.

Ö Starting, stopping, using, operating, moving, .etc without authority or without giving proper signal or warning

Ö Failure to lock, blocks or secure vehicles, switches, valves, other tools materials & equipment against unexpected motion, flow of electric current, steam, etc.

Ö Failure to shut-off equipment not in use.

Ö Failure to place warning signs, signals, tags, etc.

2. Operating or working at unsafe speed.

Ö Walking too fast or runningÖ Feeding or supplying too

rapidlyÖ Driving too fastÖ Driving too slow so as to cause

obstructionÖ Throwing materials instead of

carrying, passing or depositing; handling roughly

Ö Jumping from vehicles, platforms

3. Making safety devices inoperative

Ö Removing safety devicesÖ Blocking, plugging , typing,

etc. of safety devicesÖ Replacing safety devices with

those of improper capacityÖ Misadjusting safety devicesÖ Disconnecting safety devices

4. Using equipment, hands instead of equipment, or equipment safely

Ö Using defective equipmentÖ Unsafe use of equipment or

materialsÖ Using hands instead of hand tools

for cleaning, feeding , adjusting , repairing, etc.

Ö Gripping objects insecurely; taking wrong hold of objects

Ö Inadequate clearance when swinging a tool

Ö Unsafe operation of a company vehicle

5. Unsafe loading, placing, mixing, combining etc.

Ö OverloadingÖ CrowdingÖ Lifting or carrying too heavy

loadsÖ Arranging or placing objects or

materials unsafelyÖ Injecting mixing or combing one

substance with another so that explosion, fire or other hazard is created

Ö Introducing or materials unsafely

6. Taking unsafe position or posture.

Ö Exposure under suspended loadsÖ Pulling wrench or other tools in

line with faceÖ Improper lifting technique,

working, working in awkward position

Ö Entering spaces, enclosures when unsafe because of temperature, gases, electricity or other exposures

Ö Exposure to falling and sliding objects

Ö Climbing or standing on unsuitable objects instead of using ladder, platform , or other sound footing

Ö Exposure to vehicular right-of-way

Ö Body in area maulÖ Putting body or parts of body

into shaft ways or opening, standing too close to openings

Ö Passing on grades or curves, cutting in and out, road hogging, etc.

Ö Riding in unsafe positions

7. Working on moving equipment (for equipment not properly prepared for work)

Ö Getting on and off moving equipment

Ö Cleaning, oiling or adjusting moving equipment

Ö Hauling, packing , repairing of equipment under pressure

Ö Working on electrically-charge equipment, lines

Ö Welding, repairing of equipment containing dangerous chemicals, vapors or fumes

8. Distracting, teasing abusing, starling

Ö Calling, talking or making unnecessary noise

Ö Throwing materialÖ Teasing, abusing,

distracting, horseplayÖ Practical jokingÖ Quarreling

9. Failure to use attire or personal protective device.

Ö Wearing worn out gloves, shoes, clothing or other personal protective equipment

Ö Failure to wear personal protective equipment

Ö Wearing improperly-fitted equipment

Ö Wearing high heels, loose hair, long sleeves, loose clothing, jewelry

Ö Failure to clean or remove harmful or slippery substances from personal protective equipment

Ö Failure to keep pants’ legs down over shoe tops, failure to wash chemicals from body

10. Miscellaneous unsafe acts.

Ö Failure to clean hands before rubbing eyes

Ö Failure to watch footing in order to avoid obvious hazard

Ö Failure to remove spilled materials spilled materials from floor

Ö Failure to keep floors or work areas free from nails, glass and other debris.

Knowing the first three factors, the human factors is an accident sequence, namely , the workers, backgrounds, reasons why that commit unsafe acts and the unsafe acts, is already more than half battle won in accident prevention work. Here is where the safetyman plays the role of a human relations man and an industrial psychologist and leader. Sincerity and genuine interest of the workers are necessary qualities of the safetyman.