Standard & Elements • S6E5. Students will investigate the

scientific view of how the earth’s surface is formed. – c. Classify rocks by their process of formation. – d. Describe processes that change rocks and the

surface of the earth.

Cause and Effect in the Rock Cycle

Directions:

• Read each slide

• Fill in any blanks using the underlined or highlighted words.

• Finished go back watch the Study Jam video then explore other rock cycle activities.

2

RocksYou already know…

• Rocks are naturally occurring combinations of minerals.

• Most consist of two or more different minerals.

• Rocks are classified according to how they were formed & mineral composition.

You already know….

All rocks fit into one of three classifications. (Products)• Igneous – formed from magma or lava.• Sedimentary – formed from compressed

sediment.• Metamorphic – formed by heat and

pressure.

The Rock Cycle• Rock families change because of different

processes. (eg: weathering; cementation; heat and pressure; and melting.)

• New rocks are constantly being formed by old rock material.

• This continuous change is called the Rock Cycle.

• All rocks go through this cycle.

Types of Changes

(Processes)

• Weathering and Erosion• Compaction and Cementation• Cooling• Melting• Heat and Pressure

• These changes can take place in various order and combinations.

The Rock CycleThinking about relationships among the major

rock groups/ Fill in the blanks with these processes & products

Fig. 2.9

MAGMAStart here:

9

MAGMA

Crystallization

IGNEOUS

Next answer, please read each slide because they will explain the process or product

10

MAGMA

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

Crystallization

11

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

Crystallization

12

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

Uplift

Crystallization

Weathering

13

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

SEDIMENT

Uplift

Crystallization

Weathering SEDIMENT

14

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

SEDIMENT

SEDIMENTARY

Uplift

Crystallization

WeatheringErosion

Transport

Deposition

15

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

SEDIMENT

SEDIMENTARY

Uplift

Crystallization

WeatheringErosion

Transport

Deposition

16

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

SEDIMENT

SEDIMENTARY

METAMORPHIC

UpliftBurial

Increased P&T

Crystallization

WeatheringErosion

Transport

Deposition

17

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

SEDIMENT

SEDIMENTARY

METAMORPHIC

UpliftBurial

Increased P&T

MeltingCrystallization

WeatheringErosion

Transport

DepositionCan you see

any shortcuts?

18

MAGMA

Volcanic

IGNEOUS

Plutonic

SEDIMENT

SEDIMENTARY

METAMORPHIC

UpliftBurial

Increased P&T

MeltingCrystallization

WeatheringErosion

Transport

Deposition

• The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups

• It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth

• As well as earth’s momentum and…

• The energy from the sun

• It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior

• It connects the “hydrologic cycle” with the “tectonic cycle”.

In Conclusion…

Rock Cycle (example)Write each step down in order

1. As magma cools, it may form an igneous rock called granite.

2. Granite can be broken down by weathering to form tiny pieces called sediment.

3. The sediment will settle (deposition). Then sediments get compacted and cement together to form Sedimentary rocks.

4. If the Sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and pressure, it will form a Metamorphic rock.

5. The new Metamorphic rock could then melt and cool to form an igneous rock or it could erode and form a different Sedimentary rock.

The Rock Cycle is NOT

a one way process.